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. 2023 Nov 23;13(1):2287682. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2287682

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 3. — Cytokine expression levels in PBMCs of SPF chickens (n = 3). The mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 after virus stimulation (A, B, C) or antigen stimulation (D, E, F) were determined using qRT-PCR. The cytokine levels among groups were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Data represented mean ± SD. Statistical significance of differences is illustrated as follows: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.