Skip to main content
. 2024 Jan 3;19(1):e0295747. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295747

Table 3. Beliefs concerning the potential need for violence in the US, by study group.

Statement Republicans Non-Republicans
MAGA Republicans* Strong Republicans Other Republicans
Unweighted n Weighted % (95% CI) Unweighted n Weighted % (95% CI) Unweighted n Weighted % (95% CI) Unweighted n Weighted % (95% CI)
If elected leaders will not protect American democracy, the people must do it themselves, even if it requires taking violent actions.
Do not agree 301 27.2 (24.3, 30.1) 281 43.2 (39.0, 47.4) 804 49.3 (46.6, 52.1) 2441 58.7 (57.0, 60.5)
Somewhat agree 355 31.9 (28.9, 34.9) 232 36.6 (32.5, 40.6) 513 33.9 (31.3, 36.5) 984 27.5 (25.9, 29.1)
Strongly or very strongly agree 457 40.9 (37.6, 44.1) 122 20.3 (16.8, 23.7) 248 16.8 (14.7, 18.9) 467 13.8 (12.5, 15.1)
Our American way of life is disappearing so fast that we may have to use force to save it.
Do not agree 195 16.9 (14.5, 19.4) 299 44.9 (40.7, 49.1) 881 54.5 (51.8, 57.3) 2891 71.3 (69.6, 72.9)
Somewhat agree 412 37.1 (33.9, 40.2) 232 37.0 (32.9, 41.1) 495 32.9 (30.3, 35.5) 716 19.9 (18.5, 21.4)
Strongly or very strongly agree 508 46.0 (42.7, 49.2) 105 18.1 (14.7, 21.5) 191 12.6 (10.7, 14.5) 292 8.8 (7.7, 9.9)
Because things have gotten so far off track, true American patriots may have to resort to violence in order to save our country.
Do not agree 420 38.1 (34.9, 41.3) 442 67.7 (63.7, 71.7) 1211 75.2 (72.7, 77.7) 3418 85 (83.6, 86.4)
Somewhat agree 399 35.6 (32.5, 38.7) 160 25.4 (21.7, 29.2) 273 19.5 (17.2, 21.8) 373 11.1 (9.9, 12.4)
Strongly agree 296 26.3 (23.4, 29.2) 36 6.9 (4.5, 9.2) 77 5.3 (4.1, 6.5) 115 3.8 (3.1, 4.6)
In the next few years, there will be civil war in the United States.
Do not agree 304 25.6 (22.8, 28.3) 343 53.1 (48.9, 57.3) 868 53.8 (51.1, 56.6) 2139 53.4 (51.6, 55.2)
Somewhat agree 495 44.1 (40.9, 47.4) 251 39.4 (35.3, 43.6) 538 35.4 (32.7, 38.0) 1368 35.4 (33.7, 37.1)
Strongly or very strongly agree 316 30.3 (27.2, 33.4) 42 7.5 (5.1, 9.9) 152 10.8 (9.0, 12.6) 380 11.2 (10.0, 12.3)

* Denotes self-identified Republicans who voted for Donald Trump in 2020 and agreed strongly or very strongly with the statement that “the 2020 election was stolen from Donald Trump, and Joe Biden is an illegitimate president.”