Table 4.
Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis of risk factors associated with schizophrenia. All selected variables fulfill multicollinearity criteria. Following backward stepwise elimination, only variables with p < 0.05 were retained in the final model. Hosmer–Lemeshow test (p = 0.231) implies that the regression model is of good fit.
| Variables | AOR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 1.07 (1.04–1.11) | < 0.001* |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 3.69 (1.65–8.24) | < 0.001* |
| Female | 1 | |
| Occupation | ||
| Employed | 1 | |
| Unemployed | 4.65 (2.05–10.55) | < 0.001* |
| Breastfed during infancy | ||
| No | 1 | |
| Yes | 0.41 (0.17–0.95) | 0.038* |
| Presence of other ailmentsa | ||
| No | 1 | |
| Yes | 4.03 (1.40–11.57) | 0.010* |
| Smokingb | ||
| No | 1 | |
| Yes | 3.23 (1.30–8.06) | 0.012* |
| Consumption of alcoholc | ||
| No | 1 | |
| Yes | 0.30 (0.11–0.81) | 0.017* |
| Consumption of vitamins and supplement | ||
| No | 1 | |
| Yes | 0.37 (0.15–0.91) | 0.031* |
| Consumption of dairy (portions per week) | ||
| 0 to 1 | 1 | |
| 2 to 3 | 0.49 (0.17–1.41) | 0.183 |
| 4 to 5 | 2.37 (0.76–7.37) | 0.137 |
| > 5 | 3.08 (1.27–7.46) | 0.002* |
AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval.
*Statistical significance (p < 0.05).
aPresence of any other chronic ailments such as hypertension, renal failure, diabetes etc. bSmokes at least once per week. cConsumes alcohol at least once per week.