. 2023 Dec 21;10:1272835. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1272835

Table 1.

Feed intake and rumen fermentation in 26-week-old goats measured at 4 and 21 days after a shift from a high-concentrate to a full forage diet (oats hay).

		Treatments ¹					p-values
	Day	CTL	AUT	RFF	RFC	SED	Ino.	Time	IxT
DMI, g/d	4d	432^b	500^ab	502^a	516^a	39.37	0.642	0.098	0.094
	21d	517	535	493	500
Rumen pH	4d	6.83	6.88	6.68	6.83	0.118	0.164	0.339	0.879
	21d	6.95	6.91	6.76	6.83
N-NH₃, mg/dL	4d	1.56^b	2.61^ab	4.60^a	3.16^a	0.960	0.003	0.042	0.720
	21d	0.42^b	1.82^a	2.77^a	2.75^a
Lactate, ng/L	4d	189	180	172	197	18.20	0.188	<0.001	0.198
	21d	66.0	110	93.6	116
Total VFA, mmol/L	4d	44.7	43.9	54.0	49.9	10.36	0.485	<0.001	0.927
	21d	62.8	71.4	75.1	75.0
Proportion, %
Acetate	4d	75.3^a	70.3^b	67.5^b	68.5^b	1.373	<0.001	0.083	0.279
	21d	74.6^a	70.3^b	69.4^b	70.7^b
Propionate	4d	16.2^b	19.2^b	20.2^a	18.4^ab	1.347	0.023	0.293	0.861
	21d	16.5	18.9	19.2	17.3
Butyrate	4d	4.97^c	7.30^b	9.27^a	9.87^a	0.833	<0.001	0.042	0.175
	21d	7.00^c	8.34^b	9.07	9.91^ab
Isobutyrate	4d	0.84	0.97	1.08	1.07	0.119	0.173	<0.001	0.321
	21d	0.67^b	0.92^a	0.79^ab	0.78^ab
Valerate	4d	1.67^a	1.23^b	0.99^b	1.22^b	0.157	0.009	<0.001	0.190
	21d	0.93	0.79	0.72	0.78
Isovalerate	4d	1.01	0.99	0.99	0.98	0.194	0.352	0.001	0.291
	21d	0.30^b	0.74^a	0.82^a	0.56^ab
FOM, mmol/L	4d	23.9	23.9	29.7	28.0	5.782	0.398	<0.001	0.928
	21d	33.8	38.9	41.0	41.6

During the first 10 weeks of age goats (N = 36) received a daily and oral inoculation with autoclaved rumen fluid (AUT), rumen fluid from adult animals fed forage (RFF), or fed concentrate diets (RFC) or without inoculation (CTL). Means within a raw with different superscript differ (p < 0.05).