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. 2023 Dec 21;11:1281405. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281405

Table 5.

Robustness test results.

(1) Health (2) Health (3) Health (4) Health
Digital 2.0043** (0.7837) 2.2580*** (0.7648) 1.7028*** (0.4938) 1.1714*** (2.97)
digital_sq −4.6981*** (1.6833) −5.6282*** (1.5976) −3.8922*** (1.0599) −3.1432*** (−3.70)
Gender −0.1368*** (0.0191) −0.2829*** (0.0228) −0.1471*** (0.0135) −0.1421*** (−12.84)
Education −0.0325*** (0.0052) −0.0585*** (0.0061) −0.0274*** (0.0037) −0.0276*** (−9.09)
Marital −0.0005 (0.0049) −0.0010 (0.0059) −0.0005 (0.0037) −0.0009 (−0.31)
Age 0.0107*** (0.0010) 0.0255*** (0.0012) 0.0129*** (0.0007) 0.0129*** (22.95)
lnGDP −0.1119*** (0.0128) −0.2949*** (0.0150) −0.1567*** (0.0092) −0.1416*** (−16.72)
Population 0.0002*** (0.0000) 0.0004*** (0.0000) 0.0002*** (0.0000) 0.0002*** (15.49)
Urbanization −0.1071 (0.2398) 0.5721** (0.2825) 0.0190 (0.1714) 0.2526* (1.86)
ctot −0.0000 (0.0000)
wage −0.0000* (−1.69)
_cons 3.1428*** (0.1758) 3.2618*** (0.1270) 3.1149*** (0.1018)

Standard errors in parentheses. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.