Table 9.
Heterogeneity analysis based on residence and urban location.
| Residence | Region | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rural | Town | East | Central | West | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
| Digital | 0.8343 (1.8567) | 1.4281*** (0.4721) | 0.5350 (0.5213) | −2.5443 (1.6538) | 2.3998** (1.0284) |
| digital_sq | −1.6821* (3.5370) | −3.8253*** (1.0198) | −2.1549** (1.0037) | 7.4950 (4.9584) | −4.3255 (3.1208) |
| Gender | −0.1355*** (0.0409) | −0.1584*** (0.0145) | −0.1610*** (0.0173) | −0.1200*** (0.0190) | −0.1393*** (0.0209) |
| Education | −0.0186* (0.0111) | −0.0191*** (0.0045) | −0.0214*** (0.0049) | −0.0255*** (0.0051) | −0.0409*** (0.0057) |
| Marital | −0.0272** (0.0119) | −0.0011 (0.0036) | 0.0031 (0.0042) | 0.0011 (0.0050) | −0.0108* (0.0056) |
| Age | 0.0169*** (0.0021) | 0.0130*** (0.0008) | 0.0127*** (0.0009) | 0.0114*** (0.0010) | 0.0138*** (0.0011) |
| lnGDP | −0.0485* (0.0293) | −0.1642*** (0.0097) | −0.1326*** (0.0105) | −0.1115*** (0.0160) | −0.1811*** (0.0146) |
| Population | 0.0002*** (0.0000) | 0.0002*** (0.0000) | 0.0002*** (0.0000) | 0.0001*** (0.0000) | 0.0003*** (0.0000) |
| Urbanization | 0.3325 (0.6540) | 0.0072 (0.1809) | 0.3192 (0.2218) | 0.7896*** (0.2496) | −0.2241 (0.2343) |
| _cons | 2.0240*** (0.4538) | 3.3581*** (0.1332) | 2.9741*** (0.1671) | 2.9677*** (0.2254) | 3.4781*** (0.1644) |
| N | 4,061 | 33,574 | 21,430 | 16,940 | 13,691 |
| r2_a | 0.4910 | 0.4407 | 0.4000 | 0.3750 | 0.3974 |
Standard errors in parentheses. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.