Table 2:
Comparison of characteristics between exome-solved and -unsolved cases.
| Variablea | Unsolved (n = 155) | Solved (n = 75) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at ES (years) | 46 [36–62] | 50 [40–63] | .25 |
| Age at kidney disease onset or discovery | 37 [24–50] | 32 [20–49] | .26 |
| Male | 98 (63.2) | 35 (46.7) | .02 |
| Geographic origin | .2 | ||
| Europe | 116 (74.8) | 57 (76) | |
| North Africa | 17 (11) | 14 (18.6) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 10 (6.5) | 2 (2.7) | |
| French Antilles | 5 (3.2) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Asia | 2 (1.3) | 0 | |
| Others | 5 (3.2) | 0 | |
| Consanguinity | 13 (8.5) | 12 (16) | .1 |
| Kidney disease onset before 35 years old | 81 (52.3) | 45 (60) | .3 |
| With familial history | 26 (16.8) | 24 (32) | .01 |
| Familial history of kidney disease | 63 (40.6) | 52 (69.3) | .0001 |
| First degree only | 33 (21.3) | 25 (33.3) | .05 |
| Second degree only | 13 (8.4) | 6 (8) | .9 |
| Both first and second degree | 16 (10.3) | 21 (28) | .001 |
| Prior negative genetic exploration with gene panel | 22 (14.2) | 12 (16) | .7 |
| ES first to avoid kidney biopsy | 11 (7.1) | 11 (14.7) | .09 |
| Prior inconclusive kidney biopsy | 45 (29.2) | 24 (32) | .7 |
| Impossible kidney biopsy | 48 (31) | 23 (30.7) | 1 |
| Undetermined clinical nephropathy subgroup | |||
| Unclassified | 57 (36.8) | 31 (41.4) | |
| Glomerular | 39 (25.2) | 25 (33.3) | |
| Tubulointerstitial | 23 (14.8) | 7 (9.3) | .3 |
| Cyst | 23 (14.8) | 9 (12) | |
| Vascular | 13 (8.4) | 3 (4) | |
| Stage of kidney disease at ES | |||
| I | 22 (14.2) | 10 (13.3) | |
| II | 10 (6.5) | 3 (4) | |
| III | 28 (18.1) | 11 (14.7) | |
| IV | 20 (12.9) | 12 (16) | .3 |
| V | 16 (10.3) | 6 (8) | |
| V (D) | 39 (25.2) | 15 (20) | |
| V (T) | 20 (12.9) | 18 (24) |