Table 2.

Risk of bias of the included studies.

Author, study, country	Study design	Tool	Conclusion
Paolisso P et al. (22) 2022	PCS	NOS	Low risk
Paolisso P et al. (23) 2023,	PCS	NOS	Low risk
Hua R et al. (24) 2022	RCS	NOS	Low risk
Özkan U et (25). 2023	CCS	NOS	Low risk
Bernardini F et al. (27) 2022	RCS	NOS	Low risk
Santos-Gallego CG et al. (26) 2020	RCS	NOS	Low risk
Feitosa MPM et al. (28) 2023	RCT	RoB 2	Some concerns

PCS, prospective cohort study; RCS, retrospective cohort study; CCS, case-control study; RCT, randomized controlled trial; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS); RoB 2, version 2 of the Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials.