Table 4.
Respondent’s beliefs about cervical cancer: using mhealth-SMS to increase cervical cancer screening, Ghana
| Post-Intervention Period (n, %) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention areas | Control areas | |||||||||
| Characteristic | Community | Bank | Total | 95% C.I. | Community | Bank | Total | 95% C.I. | P-value | |
| Vaginal cleansers/other substances cause cervical cancer | 0.295 | |||||||||
| Yes | 17 | 17 | 34 (80.9) | 65.8–90.4 | 16 | 26 | 42 (91.3) | 78.5–96.8 | ||
| No | 1 | 3 | 4 (9.5) | 3.5–23.3 | 0 | 1 | 1 (2.2) | 0.29–14.6 | ||
| Do not know | 2 | 2 | 4 (9.5) | 3.5–23.3 | 1 | 2 | 3 (6.5) | 2.1–18.9 | ||
| Poor vaginal hygiene causes cervical cancer | 0.372 | |||||||||
| Yes | 19 | 19 | 38 (90.5) | 76.7–96.5 | 15 | 27 | 42 (91.3) | 78.5–6.8 | ||
| No | 0 | 0 | 0 (0) | 1 | 1 | 2 (4.3) | 1.1–16.3 | |||
| Do not know | 1 | 3 | 4 (9.5) | 3.5–23.3 | 1 | 1 | 2 (4.4) | 1.5–16.3 | ||
| Lack of exercise causes cervical cancer | 0.122 | |||||||||
| Yes | 2 | 6 | 8 (19.1) | 9.6–34.2 | 5 | 13 | 18 (39.1) | 25.9–54.2 | ||
| No | 10 | 6 | 16 (38.1) | 24.5–53.9 | 6 | 7 | 13 (28.3) | 16.9–43.2 | ||
| Do not know | 8 | 10 | 18 (42.9) | 28.6–58.5 | 6 | 9 | 15 (32.6) | 20.4–47.7 | ||
| Cervical cancer has genetic causes | 0.178 | |||||||||
| Yes | 9 | 10 | 19 (45.2) | 30.6–60.7 | 9 | 17 | 26 (56.5) | 6.4–28.9 | ||
| No | 9 | 8 | 17 (40.5) | 26.5–56.2 | 6 | 4 | 10 (21.7) | 11.9–36.3 | ||
| Do not know | 2 | 4 | 6 (14.3) | 6.4–28.9 | 2 | 8 | 10 (21.7) | 11.9–36.3 | ||
| Cervical cancer is a spiritual disease | 0.143 | |||||||||
| Yes | 2 | 4 | 6 (14.3) | 6.4–28.9 | 2 | 11 | 13 (28.3) | 16.9–43.2 | ||
| No | 17 | 17 | 34 (80.9) | 65.8–90.4 | 13 | 15 | 28 (60.9) | 45.8–74.1 | ||
| Do not know | 1 | 1 | 2 (4.8) | 1.1–17.8 | 2 | 3 | 5 (10.8 | 4.49–24.1 | ||
| Cervical cancer can be prevented by regular check-ups in a health facility | 0.466 | |||||||||
| Yes | 19 | 21 | 40 (95.2) | 82.2–98.9 | 17 | 28 | 45 (97.8) | 85.5–9.7 | ||
| No | 1 | 1 | 2 (4.8) | 1.1–17.8 | 0 | 1 | 1 (2.2) | 0.3–4.6 | ||
| Cervical cancer can be prevented by avoiding certain foods | 0.000 | |||||||||
| Yes | 5 | 5 | 10 (23.8) | 13.1–39.4 | 5 | 22 | 27 (58.7) | 43.7–72.2 | ||
| No | 8 | 14 | 22 (52.4) | 37.1–67.2 | 5 | 2 | 7 (15.2) | 7.3–29.1 | ||
| Do not know | 7 | 3 | 10 (23.8) | 13.1–39.4 | 7 | 5 | 12 (26.1) | 15.2–41.0 | ||
| Cervical cancer can be prevented by regular exercise | 0.345 | |||||||||
| Yes | 8 | 8 | 16 (38.1) | 24.5–53.9 | 7 | 15 | 22 (47.8) | 33.6–62.4 | ||
| No | 5 | 7 | 12 (28.6) | 16.7–44.4 | 8 | 7 | 15 (32.6) | 20.4–47.7 | ||
| Do not know | 7 | 7 | 14 (33.3) | 20.5–49.2 | 2 | 7 | 9 (19.6) | 10.3–34.0 | ||
| Cervical cancer can be prevented by good personal hygiene | 0.183 | |||||||||
| Yes | 19 | 20 | 39 (92.9) | 79.5–97.8 | 17 | 29 | 46 (100) | |||
| No | 1 | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0.3–15.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Do not know | 2 | 0 | 2 (4.8) | 1.1–17.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0) | |||