Table 3.
Issue identified at baseline and needs at follow-up by group
| Needs | Issues identified at baseline n = 413 (%)a |
Needs at follow-upb,c n = 404 |
Women n (%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Return-to-custody within two years (RTC) group n = 166 (40.2%) |
Did not return-to-custody within two years (No-RTC) group n = 238 (59.8%) |
||||
| Social Determinants of Health | |||||
| Total SDOH, mean (SD) | 5.0 (1.9) | 1.3 (1.2) | 1.3 (1.3) | 1.3 (1.2) | 0.27 |
| Housing | 343 (83.1) | 105 (26.0) | 48 (28.9) | 57 (23.9) | 0.26 |
| Employment | 332 (80.4) | 26 (6.4) | 11 (6.6) | 15 (6.3) | 0.90 |
| Financial problems | 383 (92.7) | 196 (48.5) | 79 (47.6) | 117 (49.2) | 0.76 |
| Education | 314 (76.0) | 21 (5.2) | 9 (5.4) | 12 (5.0) | 0.90 |
| Domestic violence | 86 (20.8) | 14 (3.5) | 4 (2.4) | 10 (4.2) | 0.33 |
| Child-custody | 250 (81.7) | 62 (20.8) | 30 (23.6) | 32 (18.7) | 0.31 |
| Social support | 285 (69.0) | 98 (24.3) | 42 (25.3) | 56 (23.5) | 0.68 |
| Complex health issues | |||||
| Total health issues, mean (SD) | 1.3 (0.6) | 0.8 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.8) | 0.7 (0.7) | 0.11 |
| Substance-use | 387 (93.7) | 130 (32.2) | 63 (38.0) | 67 (28.2) | 0.04 |
| Mental health | 164 (39.7) | 188 (46.5) | 77 (46.4) | 111 (46.6) | 0.96 |
| Total needs | |||||
| Total needs, mean (SD) d | 6.3 (2.2) | 2.1 (1.7) | 2.2 (1.8) | 2.0 (1.6) | 0.16 |
aSDOH = Social determinants of health
bSocial determinants of health are defined as ongoing needs. They are the proportion of women who had an “issue” at baseline and reported still having that need at follow-up, whereas complex health issues were analysed at follow-up only (i.e., post-release), and therefore are not categorised as ongoing
cNine women’s’ RTC status was missing, and therefore, we excluded them from the analysis
dMean total needs are the mean SDOH and health issues per woman