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. 2022 Apr 25;2(4):234–242. doi: 10.1038/s43588-022-00231-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a, The bit-to-base transcoding process of the YYC. N1, N2, N3 and N4 represent the nucleic acids A, T, C and G, respectively. X_j and Y_j represent different binary digits 0 and 1. When j is an integer chosen from 1 to 8, X_j + Y_j = 1 and X_j × Y_j = 0 (that is, eight independent sets of X and Y, with X_j/Y_j being 1/0 or 0/1). $C_{4}^{2}$ means that the calculation for number of 2-combination in a set with 4 elements.b, A flowchart of the YYC encoding pipeline.