Fig. 4. Variation in gender differences across adverse events.
a, Gender gap in adults. Annotated numbers in square brackets show 95% CI values. Pre-pandemic gender disparities increased in 21 out of 24 types of adverse event during the pandemic. The gender gap (normalized by population size) increased in 17 out of 24 adverse events (Supplementary Fig. 5). b, Gender gap in elderly patients. In 13 out of 14 adverse drug events, a pre-existing gender gap has intensified with the pandemic onset. Gender differences increased in 11 out of 14 adverse events during the pandemic (Supplementary Fig. 6; adjusted for population size).