Table 3.
Dependent variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Learning Achievement | Self-Efficacy | Cognitive Engagement | Learning Achievement | |
Student–GAI Interaction | 0.146*** | 0.038*** | 0.069*** | 0.073** |
(4.391) | (2.717) | (4.510) | (2.336) | |
Self-Efficacy | 0.431*** | 0.401*** | ||
(7.869) | (3.442) | |||
Cognitive Engagement | 0.668*** | |||
(6.641) | ||||
R 2 | 0.047 | 0.019 | 0.195 | 0. 219 |
F | 19.282 | 7.382 | 46.867 | 36.015 |
p value | 0.000 | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Numbers in parentheses are t-statistics value. Statistical significance is denoted by: ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, and *p < 0.1.