Table 2.
CircRNAs involved in the hallmarks of cancer.
| circRNA name | circBase ID | Parental gene | Target | Cancer type | Function | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| circFAM120A | - | FAM120A | FAM120A | - | Inhibits proliferation | Inhibits the binding of IGF2BP2 and FAM120A to promote FAM120A translation | [131] |
| circVAMP3 | - | VAMP3 | c-Myc | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Inhibits proliferation and metastasis | Promotes the phase separation of CAPRIN1 protein to form stress granules in cells to prevent the translation of c-Myc mRNA | [130] |
| circPCNX | hsa_circ_0032434 | PCNX | p21 | Cervical carcinoma | Inhibits proliferation | Binds to AUF1 and hinder the binding of p21 to AUF1 to enhance the mRNA stability and protein production of p21 | [132] |
| circTP63 | hsa_circ_0068515 | TP63 |
FOXM1, CENPA, CENPB |
Lung squamous cell carcinoma | Facilitates cell cycle progression and promotes cell proliferation | Binds to miR-873-3p to upregulate FOXM1 expression, and then upregulates downstream molecules CENPA and CENPB | [128] |
| circPINTexon2 | - | LINC-PINT | CPEB1, SOX-2, c-Myc, etc | Glioblastoma | Inhibits proliferation | Encodes protein PINT87aa which interacts with PAF1c and suppresses the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes | [133] |
| BCRC-3 | - | PSMD1 | p27 | Bladder cancer | Inhibits proliferation | Acts as a miR-182-5p sponge to upregulate p27 expression | [134] |
| circPVT1 | - | PVT1 | E2F2 | Gastric cancer | Promotes proliferation | Acts as a sponge for miR-125 family members to upregulate E2F2 expression | [129] |
| circHIPK3 | - | HIPK3 | - | - | Inhibits proliferation | Sponges with miR-124 and inhibits its activity | [135] |
| circFoxo3 | hsa_circ_0006404 | Foxo3 | - | Bladder cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, etc | Promotes or inhibits apoptosis | Acts as a sponge for various miRNAs | [212] |
| circ-MAPK4 | has_circ_0047688 | MAPK4 | p38/MAPK | Glioma | Inhibits apoptosis | Functions as miR-125a-3p sponge to regulate p38/MAPK signaling pathway | [195] |
| circ-TTBK2 | - | TTBK2 | HNF1β, Derlin-1 | Glioma | Inhibits apoptosis | Acts as miR-217 sponge to target HNF1β/Derlin-1 pathway | [213] |
| circATG4B | hsa_circ_0007159 | ATG4B | - | Colorectal cancer | Promotes autophagy | Encodes a novel protein, circATG4B-222aa, which competitively binds to TMED10 and prevent the interaction of TMED10 and ATG4B | [216] |
| circATG7 | has_circ_0064288 | ATG7 | ATG7 | Pancreatic cancer | Facilitates cell autophagy, proliferation and invasion | Functions as miR-766-5p sponge to regulate miR-766-5p/ATG7 and HUR/ATG7 axis | [217] |
| circCDYL | hsa_circ_0008285 | CDYL |
ATG7, ULK1 |
Breast cancer | Augments cell autophagy | Functions as miR-1275 sponge to regulate the miR-1275-ATG7/ULK1 axis | [218] |
| circPIBF1 | - | PIBF1 | SOD2 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Inhibits cell pyroptosis | Binds to Nrf2, which further promotes SOD2 expression and recruits EP300 to promote H3K27ac modification of SOD2, thus modulating the Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway | [220] |
| circ7312 | hsa_circ_0007312 | - | MAPK1 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Inhibits cell pyroptosis and apoptosis | Functions as miR-766-5p sponge to regulate miR-764/MAPK1 axis | [221] |
| circNEIL3 | hsa_circ_0001460 | NEIL3 | PIF1 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Mediates radiation-induced pyroptosis | Functions as miR-1184 sponge to upregulate PIF1 expression | [222] |
| circPUM1 | hsa_circ_0011240 | PUM1 | - | ESCC | Inhibits cell pyroptosis | Acts as a scaffold for the interaction between UQCRC1 and UQCRC2 | [223] |
| circSCN8A | hsa_circ_0026337 | SCN8A | ACSL4 | NSCLC | Induces cell ferroptosis | Serves as a miR-1290 sponge to activate ACSL4 expression | [227] |
| circST6GALNAC6 | - | ST6GALNAC6 | P38 MAPK | Bladder cancer | Facilitates cell ferroptosis | Binds to HSPB1 and blocks erastin-induced phosphorylation site of HSPB1, protectively in response to ferroptosis stress (Ser-15 site), thus activating the P38 MAPK pathway | [228] |
| circRNA_101093 | - | - | FABP3 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Desensitizes lung adenocarcinoma cells to ferroptosis | Binds to FABP3 and increases its expression | [229] |
| circ-TPGS2 | - | TPGS2 | TRAF6 | Breast cancer | Promotes tumor-associated inflammation | Serves as a miR-7 sponge to increase TRAF6 expression, contributing to p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, ultimately inducing the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and dysregulation of TME | [234] |
| hsa_circRNA_002178 | - | - | COL1A1 | Breast cancer | Activates inflammation | Serves as a miR-328-3p sponge to upregulate COL1A1 | [235] |
| mmu_circ_0001109 | mmu_circ_0001109 | PRKAR2A | - | Colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma (CAC) | Promotes the transition of inflammation to carcinoma | Activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | [236] |
| circNEIL3 | hsa_circ_0001460 | NEIL3 | PIF1 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Activates AIM2 inflammasome | Functions as miR-1184 sponge to upregulate PIF1 expression | [222] |
| circRNA-MYLK | - | MYLK |
VEGFA/ VEGFR2 |
Bladder cancer | Promotes angiogenesis and metastasis | Functions as miR-29a sponge to activate VEGFA/VEGFR2 and downstream Ras/ERK pathway | [241] |
| circ3823 | hsa_circ_0001821 | PVT1 | Tcf7 | Colorectal cancer | Promotes tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis | Functions as miR-30c-5p sponge to upregulate Tcf7 expression | [242] |
| circHIPK3 | hsa_circ_0000284 | HIPK3 | HPSE | Bladder cancer | Inhibits angiogenesis | Functions as miR-558 sponge to negatively regulate the expression of HPSE | [243] |
| circ-ASH2L | - | ASH2L | Notch 1 | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Promotes angiogenesis | Acts as a sponge for miR-34a to upregulate Notch 1 expression | [244] |
| circ-CCAC1 | - | ERBB2 | YY1 | Cholangiocarcinoma | Induces angiogenesis | Functions as miR-514a-5p sponge to upregulate YY1 | [245] |
| circSHKBP1 | hsa_circ_0000936 | SHKBP1 |
HUR, VEGF |
Gastric cacner | Promotes angiogenesis | Sponges miR-582-3p to activate the HUR/VEGF signaling axis, and directly interact with HSP90 to disrupt the binding of HSP90 and STUB1, further restraining the ubiquitination and degradation of HSP90 | [246] |
| circPTCH1 | hsa_circ_0139402 | PTCH1 | MMP14 | Renal cell carcinoma | Facilitates invasion and metastasis | Sponges miR-485-5p to upregulate MMP14 expression | [136] |
| circNHSL1 | hsa_circ_0006835 | NHSL1 | SIX1 | Gastric cacner | Enhances invasion and metastasis | Sponges miR-1306-3p to upregulate SIX1/vimentin axis | [137] |
| circHIPK3 | hsa_circ_0000284 | HIPK3 | FAK, IGF1R, EGFR, YY1; HPSE; IGF2BP3 | Colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, glioma | Promotes or inhibits invasion and metastasis | Sponges miR-7 to upregulate the expression of FAK, IGF1R, EGFR, YY1; sponges miR-558 to suppress HPSE expression; sponges miR-654 to promote IGF2BP3 expression | [135, 139, 140, 162, 243] |
| circ0001361 | hsa_circ_0001361 | FNDC3B | MMP9 | Bladder cancer | Promotes invasion and metastasis | Sponges miR-491-5p to upregulate MMP9 expression | [141] |
| circPTEN1 | hsa_circ_0002232 | PTEN1 |
TGF-β, Smad |
Colorectal cancer | Inhibits invasion and metastasis | Binds the MH2 domain of Smad4 to block its interaction with p-Smad2/3, further disrupting TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway | [144] |
| circLONP2 | hsa_circ_0008558 | LONP2 | - | Colorectal carcinoma | Promotes invasion and metastasis | Promotes the processing, maturation and exosomal dissemination processes of miR-17-5p | [142] |
| circANKS1B | hsa_circ_0007294 | ANKS1B | TGF-β1 | Breast cancer | Promotes invasion and metastasis | Sponges miR-148a-3p and miR-152-3p to enhance the expression of transcription factor USF1, which transcriptionally upregulates TGF-β1, thus activating TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway to induce EMT | [143] |