Table 2.

Limits of all the optimizing parameters of all PV cases.

Parameters	Scenario 1		Scenario 2		Scenario 3		Scenario 4		Scenario 5
	$\mathit{lb}$	$\mathit{ub}$	$\mathit{lb}$	$\mathit{ub}$	$\mathit{lb}$	$\mathit{ub}$	$\mathit{lb}$	$\mathit{ub}$	$\mathit{lb}$	$\mathit{ub}$
$I_{\mathit{ph}}$(A)	0	1	0	0.5	0	2	0	10	0	2 times of short-circuit current
$n$	1	2	1	2	1	50	1	120	1	5
$I_{\mathit{sd}}$(µA)	0	1	0	1	0	50	0	10	0	100
$R_{\mathit{sh}}$(Ω)	0	100	0	1000	0	2000	0	5500	0	5000
$R_{\mathit{se}}$(Ω)	0	0.5	0	0.8	0	2	0	1	0	2
$I_{sd1}$, $I_{sd2}$, and $I_{sd3}$ (µA)	0	1	0	1	0	50	–	–	–	–
$n_1,n_2$, and $n_3$	1	5	1	5	1	50	–	–	–	–