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. 2023 Dec 20;17:1286811. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1286811

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Copyright © 2023 Gorman-Sandler, Wood, Cloude, Frambes, Brennen, Robertson and Hollis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Resilience factors buffer the effects of stress on maternal health. Chronic stress exerts negative (orange arrows) effects on mitochondrial function, with detrimental consequences to maternal health. Resilience factors, including PUFAs, vitamin D, trace elements, polyphenols, exercise, and genetic polymorphisms, all buffer stress, promote (blue arrows) mitochondrial health, and are associated with improved maternal health. Whether the positive effects of resilience factors occur as a result of their beneficial effects on mitochondrial function remains to be determined (dashed arrows). Social support is another resilience factor that buffers the effects of stress and promotes maternal health. Whether social support has beneficial effects on mitochondrial function remains to be determined (dashed arrows).