Figure 5. Cisplatin enhances the secretion of TGF-β1. (A) Cisplatin increased the amount of TGF-β1 in the culture media from LoVo and A549 cells. LoVo and A549 cells were treated with 1 μM cisplatin for 72 h. The culture media from cells were collected and subjected to ELISA to measure the amount of TGF-β1. The amounts of TGF-β1 from LoVo and A549 cells without cisplatin were used to calculate relative values. All data are presented as mean SD ± (n = 3). ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s test). (B) The amount of TGF-β1 in the culture media from cisplatin^r/LoVo cells were increased. The culture media from LoVo or cisplatin^r/LoVo (#10, #19, and #54) cells were collected and subjected to ELISA to measure the amount of TGF-β1. The amount of TGF-β1 from LoVo cells without cisplatin was used to calculate relative values. All data are presented as mean SD ± (n = 3). **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s test). (C) The effect of cisplatin on the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in LoVo cells. LoVo cells were treated with 1 μM cisplatin. Three days later, the total RNA was extracted and subjected to qPCR analysis to measure the amount of TGF-β1 mRNA. The presented data are normalized to control cells. All data are representative of three independent experiments. (D) The comparison of the expression levels of TGF-β1 mRNA in LoVo and cisplatin^r/LoVo cells. Total RNA from exponentially growing LoVo or cisplatin^r/LoVo cells (#10, #19, and #54) was extracted and subjected to qPCR analysis to measure the amount of TGF-β1 mRNA. The presented data are normalized to LoVo cells. All data are representative of three independent experiments.