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. 2023 Nov 23;11(1):2305273. doi: 10.1002/advs.202305273

Figure 4.

Figure 4

HPT, ss‐HPT, and P‐G3 reduced TLR activation and cytokine generation. A) Poly (I:C)‐induced TLR‐3 and CpG‐induced TLR‐9 activation in HEK‐TLR cells. (n = 3) B) DAMP‐induced TLR‐3 and TLR‐9 activation in HEK‐TLR cells. (n = 3) C) DAMP RNA‐induced TLR‐3 and mtDNA‐induced TLR‐9 activation in HEK‐TLR cells. (n = 3) D) DAMP‐induced IL‐6 and TNF‐α generation in THP1‐derived macrophage cells. (n = 3) E) Trauma plasma‐induced TLR‐3 and TLR‐9 activation in HEK‐TLR cells. (n = 19) F) CLSM images of RAW264.7 cells after 24 h incubation with CpG‐only, CpG+HPT, or CpG+ss‐HPT. CpG was labeled with FITC; HPT and ss‐HPT were labeled with Cy5; lysosomes were labeled with Lysotracker. Scale bars, 10 µm. Data represent the mean ± S. D. (n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).