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. 2023 Nov 8;11(1):2303570. doi: 10.1002/advs.202303570

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The lncRNAs & circRNAs in regulating lipogenesis of cancer. During the process of de novo lipogenesis, there are multiple rate‐limiting enzymes modulated by various lipid‐related lncRNAs and circRNAs to affect lipid metabolism reprogramming in cancer with distinct regulatory mechanisms. For de novo biogenesis of fatty acids, lncRNA TINCR and FLJ22763 have been identified to modulate ACLY expression in different cancer cells. The first rate‐limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of fatty acid, ACC1, has been shown to be regulated by circCAPRIN1, lncRNAs CTD‐2245E15.3 and TSPEAR‐AS2. With respect to other fatty acid synthetases, there are various lncRNAs and circRNAs involving the expression of these enzymes, functioning as the sponges of miRNAs, such as the lncRNA SNHG25/miR‐497‐5p/FASN axis, the circFARSA/miR‐330‐5p and miR‐326/FASN axis, the circ_0 008078/miR‐191‐5p/ELOVL4 axis, the circ_0 008078/miR‐191‐5p/ELOVL4 axis, the linc00174/miR‐145‐5p/SCD5 axis, and the circ_0000073/ miR‐1184/ FADS2 axis. For de novo biogenesis of cholesterols, lncRNAs ZFAS1 and AT102202 have been shown to regulate the expression of HMGCR, while lnc30 and circ_0000182 have been identified to modulate the expression of SQLE. Detailed mechanisms of these lipogenesis‐related lncRNAs and circRNAs in cancer are described in the main text.