Table 2.
Summary of outcome measures by treatment group using linear mixed model.
| Outcomes | Baseline | 5-week post baseline | 9-week post baseline | 12-week post baseline | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | MD (95% CI) | Mean (SD) | MD (95% CI) | Mean (SD) | MD (95% CI) | |
| Between group comparison | |||||||
| EQ-5D | |||||||
| Intervention | 5.59 (1.04) | 5.67 (1.06) | −0.03 (−0.31 to 0.24) | 5.61 (0.96) | −0.12 (−0.47 to 0.23) | 5.57 (0.90) | 0.003 (−0.38 to 0.38) |
| Control | 5.55 (1.04) | 5.66 (0.86) | 5.68 (0.81) | 5.53 (1.10) | |||
| EQ-5D VAS | |||||||
| Intervention | 85.9 (9.95) | 84.7 (11.3) | −1.90 (−6.14 to 2.35) | 86.3 (9.61) | 0.47 (−3.93 to 4.87) | 86.3 (9.42) | −0.54 (−4.96 to 3.89) |
| Control | 85.3 (12.8) | 85.9 (9.54) | 84.9 (14.6) | 85.9 (10.5) | |||
| CESAM (Frailty) | |||||||
| Intervention | 1.46 (1.85) | 1.65 (2.01) | −0.11 (−0.67 to 0.45) | 1.02 (1.60) | −0.52 (−1.09 to 0.05) | 1.15 (1.53) | −0.24 (−0.81 to 0.33) |
| Control | 1.88 (1.50) | 2.18 (2.09) | 1.95 (1.80) | 1.80 (1.73) | |||
| Pre-test WEMWBS | |||||||
| Intervention | 57.7 (8.42) | 57.7 (8.20) | 0.05 (−1.60 to 1.71) | 58.1 (8.02) | 0.17 (−1.97 to 2.31) | 58.6 (8.09) | −0.11 (−2.53 to 2.30) |
| Control | 57.9 (6.78) | 57.8 (6.35) | 58.0 (6.43) | 58.7 (7.63) | |||
| Within intervention group only (pairwise) comparison | |||||||
| CESAM (Frailty) | 1.46 (1.85) | 1.65 (2.01) | 0.19 (−0.20 to 0.59) | 1.02 (1.60) | −0.44 (−0.85 to −0.04) | 1.15 (1.53) | −0.32 (−0.72 to 0.09) |
| Post-test WEMWBS | 55.7 (7.18) | 56.7 (8.50) | 0.82 (−0.41 to 2.05) | 57.6 (8.36) | 1.65 (0.09 to 3.22) | 58.5 (8.22) | 2.42 (0.69 to 4.16) |
VAS, Visual Analog Scale; WEMWBS, Warwick-Edinburgh Wellbeing Scale; SD, standard deviation; MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval. Between group MD was calculated by the linear mixed model and each model was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education, marital status, employment status, presence of chronic illness, number of workshops done, and baseline physical activity.