Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for study variables at baseline and at 12-month and 24-month follow-ups
| Baseline (N = 1490) |
12-month follow-up (N = 1176) |
24-month follow-up (N = 850) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Statistics | |||
| Demographic variables | |||
| Age in years, M (SD) | 76.31 (8.49) | 77.14 (8.38) | 77.52 (8.45) |
| Age group, n (%) | |||
| < 65 years | 131 (8.8) | 89 (7.6) | 66 (7.8) |
| 65-69 | 174 (11.7) | 128 (10.9) | 72 (8.5) |
| 70-74 | 254 (17.1) | 193 (16.4) | 159 (18.7) |
| 75-79 | 355 (23.7) | 268 (22.7) | 172 (20.2) |
| ≥ 80 | 576 (38.7) | 498 (42.4) | 381 (44.8) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White British | 1403 (95.7) | 1103 (95.7) | 801 (96.2) |
| White other | 46 (3.1) | 39 (3.4) | 25 (3.0) |
| Other | 17 (1.2) | 10 (0.9) | 7 (0.8) |
| Missing | 24 | 24 | 17 |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Women | 649 (43.6) | 665 (56.6) | 375 (44.1) |
| Men | 841 (56.4) | 511 (43.4) | 475 (55.9) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||
| Single | 24 (1.6) | 15 (1.3) | 13 (1.5) |
| Married/Civil partnership/Cohabiting | 1120 (75.2) | 891 (75.8) | 643 (75.7) |
| Divorced/Separated | 91 (6.1) | 75 (6.4) | 57 (6.7) |
| Widowed | 255 (17.1) | 195 (16.5) | 137 (16.1) |
| Living situation, n (%) | |||
| Living alone | 279 (18.7) | 199 (16.9) | 134 (15.8) |
| Live with spouse/partner | 1127 (75.7) | 887 (75.7) | 641 (75.5) |
| Live with other | 82 (5.6) | 66 (5.6) | 45 (5.3) |
| Living in residential care | 0 (0) | 23 (2.0) | 29 (3.4) |
| Missing/unclassifiable, n | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Dementia type, n (%) | |||
| Alzheimer’s disease | 832 (55.8) | 658 (56.0) | 488 (57.4) |
| Vascular dementia | 161 (10.8) | 115 (9.8) | 82 (9.7) |
| Mixed (Alzheimer’s and vascular) | 313 (21.0) | 263 (22.4) | 185 (21.7) |
| Frontotemporal dementia | 53 (3.6) | 39 (3.3) | 31 (3.7) |
| Parkinson’s disease dementia | 42 (2.8) | 33 (2.8) | 17 (2.0) |
| Dementia with Lewy bodies | 50 (3.4) | 39 (3.3) | 27 (3.2) |
| Unspecified/other dementia | 39 (2.6) | 29 (2.4) | 20 (2.3) |
| Mini-Mental State Examination, M (SD) | 23.21 (3.60) | 21.60 (5.05) | 20.53 (6.21) |
| Missing | 1 | 11 | 12 |
| Number of health conditions (excluding dementia), M (SD) | 1.80 (1.63) | 2.23 (1.80) | 2.47 (1.87) |
| Zero health conditions, n (%) | 334 (22.7) | 173 (15.3) | 101 (12.5) |
| One health condition, n (%) | 421 (28.6) | 272 (24.1) | 167 (20.7) |
| Two health conditions, n (%) | 313 (21.3) | 277 (24.5) | 204 (25.3) |
| Three health conditions, n (%) | 203 (13.8) | 180 (15.9) | 132 (16.5) |
| Four health conditions, n (%) | 101 (6.9) | 106 (9.4) | 89 (11.1) |
| Five health conditions, n (%) | 55 (3.7) | 54 (4.8) | 57 (7.1) |
| Six health conditions, n (%) | 20 (1.4) | 31 (2.7) | 26 (3.2) |
| Seven health conditions, n (%) | 15 (1.0) | 23 (2.1) | 14 (1.7) |
| Eight health conditions, n (%) | 6 (0.4) | 8 (0.7) | 9 (1.1) |
| Nine health conditions, n (%) | 4 (0.2) | 6 (0.5) | 4 (0.5) |
| Ten health conditions, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.4) |
| Missing, n | 18 | 46 | 44 |
| Social network, n (%) | |||
| Socially isolated | 412 (28.6) | 328 (29.8) | 239 (32.0) |
| Not socially isolated | 1030 (71.4) | 773 (70.2) | 509 (68.0) |
| Missing, n | 48 | 75 | 102 |
| Loneliness, M (SD)a | 1.34 (1.48) | 1.42 (1.49) | |
| Missing, n | 89 | 88 | |
| Quality of life, M (SD) | 36.84 (5.93) | 36.99 (5.87) | 36.94 (5.63) |
| Missing, n | 156 | 140 | 136 |
| Well-being, M (SD) | 61.01 (20.52) | 60.92 (20.65) | 61.28 (20.96) |
| Missing, n | 23 | 55 | 70 |
aLoneliness was assessed only at baseline and the 24-month follow-up timepoint