Table 2.
Patients’ characteristics
| Characteristics | Overall cases | IPF | CVD-IP/iNSIP | CHP | UC-ILD | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number, n (%) | 179 (100) | 56 (31) | 112 (63) | 6 (3) | 5 (3) | |
| Age, y | 73 ± 9 | 73 ± 7 | 71 ± 9 | 68 ± 21 | 72 ± 4 | 0.637 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 122 (68) | 49 (88) | 64 (57) | 4 (67) | 5 (100) | < 0.001 |
| Blood biomarkers | ||||||
| LDH, IU/L | 218 ± 73.7 | 211.6 ± 54.9 | 222.1 ± 83.2 | 243.8 ± 58.2 | 188.2 ± 25.4 | 0.181 |
| SP-D, ng/mL | 197.9 ± 240.1 | 170.1 ± 140.9 | 208.2 ± 259.7 | 377.7 ± 517.4 | 63.5 ± 27.2 | 0.097 |
| KL-6, U/mL | 843.1 ± 1090.4 | 727.4 ± 435.1 | 808.4 ± 1030.8 | 2692 ± 3265.3 | 405.3 ± 154.4 | 0.118 |
| Monocyte ratio, % | 8.6 ± 2.8 | 8.3 ± 2.2 | 8.7 ± 2.8 | 10.0 ± 5.9 | 7.3 ± 2.2 | 0.701 |
| Monocyte count, /μL | 573.9 ± 226.1 | 627.0 ± 250.5 | 555.3 ± 211.8 | 537.8 ± 170.3 | 437.7 ± 237.0 | 0.290 |
| Pulmonary function tests | ||||||
| FVC, %predicted | 94.2 ± 18.8 | 93.4 ± 18.7 | 94.2 ± 19.3 | 92.8 ± 10.8 | 105 ± 19.6 | 0.397 |
| DLco, %predicted | 92.9 ± 30.5 | 81.2 ± 27.9 | 98.2 ± 30.6 | 83.1 ± 17.6 | 118.9 ± 25.0 | 0.001 |
| ILD-GAP score | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 3 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
| HRCT score | ||||||
| Honeycomb score, points | 0.7 ± 1.8 | 1.8 ± 2.7 | 0.2 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.8 | 0 | < 0.001 |
| GGO score, points | 4.7 ± 2.9 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 4.4 ± 2.5 | 8.2 ± 8.2 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 0.064 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Anti-fibrotic agents, n (%) | 10 (5) | 9 (16) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.001 |
| Corticosteroid, n (%) | 39 (22) | 9 (16) | 29 (26) | 1 (17) | 0 (0) | 0.300 |
| Immunosuppressant, n (%) | 21 (12) | 1 (2) | 20 (18) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.003 |
| Outcome | ||||||
| Follow-up, days | 679 ± 337 | 652 ± 329 | 697 ± 347 | 775 ± 294 | 484 ± 211 | 0.410 |
| 3-y ILD-related events, n (%) | 21 (12) | 10 (18) | 10 (9) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 0.261 |
Serum SP-D could be measured in 122 patients (68%)
3-y ILD-related events include cause-specific mortality due to ILD, and first AE within 3 years after pulmonary function testing
Abbreviations: AE acute exacerbation, CHP chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia, CVD-IP collagen vascular disease-related interstitial pneumonia, GAP gender/age/physiology, GGO ground-grass opacity, HRCT high-resolution computed tomography, ILD interstitial lung disease, IPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, KL-6 Krebs von den Lungen-6, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, %DLco percentage predicted diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide, %FVC percentage predicted forced vital capacity, SP-D surfactant protein-D, UC-ILD unclassifiable interstitial lung disease