Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, According to glaucoma, as Reported in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018
| Characteristics | No Glaucoma (n = 1723) | Glaucoma (n = 67) | P | Participants (n = 1790) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 43.88 (0.5) | 47.76 (0.3) | 0.530 | 44.02 |
| Age (yrs) | 57.02 (0.19) | 63.08 (0.45) | <0.001* | 60.05 (0.23) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 120.17 (0.19) | 126.09 (0.74) | <0.001* | 120.13 (0.38) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 76.38 (0.13) | 76.23 (0.48) | 0.763* | 76.30 (0.26) |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 103.43 (0.23) | 106.30 (1.14) | 0.016* | 104.87 (0.58) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.79 (0.01) | 5.94 (0.03) | <0.001* | 5.86 (0.16) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 194.36 (0.46) | 187.56 (1.75) | <0.001* | 190.96 (0.92) |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 145.30 (1.27) | 146.52 (4.10) | 0.780 | 145.91 (2.12) |
| Folate (ng/mL) | 7.94 (0.06) | 7.71 (0.26) | 0.364 | 7.82 (0.14) |
| Folate quartiles | <0.001* | |||
| Folate level < 5.10 (%) | 24.3 (0.7) | 27.9 (2.7) | 24.4 (0.7) | |
| Folate level 5.10–7.10 (%) | 25.7 (0.7) | 26.6 (4.1) | 25.7 (0.7) | |
| Folate level 7.10–10.00 (%) | 24.1 (0.8) | 27.9 (3.9) | 24.2 (0.8) | |
| Folate level > 10.00 (%) | 25.9 (0.8) | 17.5 (2.6) | 25.6 (0.8) | |
| Hypertension | <0.001* | |||
| Normal (%) | 37.4 (0.6) | 25.7 (1.7) | 36.9 (0.6) | |
| Pre hypertension (%) | 26.0 (0.4) | 25.5 (1.8) | 25.9 (0.4) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 36.6 (0.5) | 48.8 (1.9) | 37.1 (0.5) | |
| Diabetes | <0.001* | |||
| Normal (%) | 56.2 (0.5) | 42.7 (1.9) | 55.6 (0.5) | |
| Pre Diabetes (%) | 29.4 (0.5) | 37.6 (2.1) | 29.7 (0.5) | |
| Diabetes (%) | 14.5 (0.4) | 19.7 (1.4) | 14.7 (0.4) | |
| Smoking status | <0.001* | |||
| Never (%) | 56.1 (0.5) | 50.9 (1.8) | 55.9 (0.5) | |
| Former (%) | 25.4 (0.4) | 32.6 (1.9) | 25.7 (0.4) | |
| Current (%) | 18.5 (0.5) | 16.6 (1.5) | 18.4 (0.5) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.528 | |||
| Underweight <18.5 (%) | 2.5 (0.2) | 3.2 (0.9) | 2.5 (0.2) | |
| Normal weight 18.5–22.9 (%) | 36.6 (0.5) | 33.0 (1.6) | 36.4 (0.5) | |
| Pre-Obese 23.0–24.9 (%) | 25.2 (0.4) | 26.0 (2.0) | 25.2 (0.4) | |
| Obese I 25.0–29.9 (%) | 31.3 (0.4) | 33.6 (1.9) | 31.4 (0.4) | |
| Obese II 30.0–34.9 (%) | 4.1 (0.2) | 3.9 (0.8) | 4.1 (0.2) | |
| Obese III ≥35.0 (%) | 0.3 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.1) | |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 27.1 (0.5) | 30.8 (1.6) | 0.023* | 27.2 (0.4) |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (%) | 16.4 (0.4) | 17.0 (1.8) | 0.755 | 16.5 (0.4) |
Data are expressed as weighted means or weighted frequency (%) with standard errors.
*
P < 0.05.