Table 3:
Epidemiological, clinical and biochemical parameters according to plaque progression.
| Variable | No progression, n = 593 | 1–2 plaques, n = 686 | ≥3 plaques, n = 212 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58 (43.5; 66) | 63 (54; 69) | 67 (60; 70) | .000 |
| Sex (female) | 253 (42.7) | 240 (35) | 61 (28) | .000 |
| Smoking | 297 (50.1) | 415 (60.5) | 143 (67.5) | .000 |
| Diabetes | 104 (17.5) | 197 (28.7)) | 72 (34) | .000 |
| Hypertension | 529 (89.2) | 642 (93.6) | 203 (95.8) | .002 |
| Dyslipemia (yes) | 378 (63.7) | 501 (73) | 155 (73) | .001 |
| CKD Stage | ||||
| G3 | 274 (46.2) | 316 (46.1) | 79 (37.3) | .073 |
| G4–5 | 219 (36.9) | 242 (35.3) | 81 (38.2) | |
| G5D | 100 (16.9) | 128 (18.7) | 52 (24) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.7 (24.6; 31.5) | 28.3 (25; 32) | 28.7 (25.7; 32) | .024c |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138 (126; 151) | 142 (130; 158) | 146 (132; 162) | .000d |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 (75; 88) | 81 (74: 89) | 80 (73; 88) | .794 |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 55 (46; 67) | 60 (50; 73.2) | 65 (53; 78) | .000a |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 179 (156; 203) | 176 (153; 206) | 175 (148; 202) | .321 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 48 (39; 58) | 47 (38; 58) | 46 (39; 55) | .342 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 103 (82.6; 123) | 101 (79; 120) | 101 (78; 123) | .421 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 118 (88; 164) | 126.5 (94; 178) | 133 (99; 170) | .04b |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 95 (86; 107) | 99 (89; 117) | 101 (90; 123) | .007d |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.39 (9; 9.7) | 9.4 (9; 9.7) | 9.3 (8.9; 9.6) | .072 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 3.7 (3.2; 4.3) | 3.7 (3.3; 4.4) | 3.8 (3.4; 4.5) | .597 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 140.6 (139; 142) | 141 (139; 142) | 141 (139; 142) | .818 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.7 (4.3; 5.1) | 4.8 (4.5; 5.1) | 4.9 (4.5; 5.3) | .003e |
| 25-OH vitamin D (ng/mL) | 15.9 (12.2; 20.6) | 15.1 (11.3; 19) | 13.8 (10.5; 17.8) | .001d |
| Plaque at baseline | 319 (53.8) | 531 (77.4) | 185 (87.3) | .000 |
| rs1800802 | ||||
| TT + TC | 582 (98.1) | 665 (96.9) | 196 (92.5) | .000 |
| CC | 11 (1.9) | 21 (3.1) | 16 (7.5) |
Qualitative variables are expressed as N (%). Quantitative variables are expressed as median (Q1; Q3). Comparisons between groups performed with Kruskal–Wallis test for quantitative variables, difference among groups was calculated with pairwise comparisons. Chi-squared test was used for categorical data.
aDifference among all groups.
bdifference between no plaque progression and 1 or 2 new plaques.
cdifference between no plaque progression and ≥3 new plaques.
ddifference between no plaque progression and the other groups.
edifference between ≥3 new plaques and the other groups.