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. 2023 Sep 28;17(1):sfad248. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfad248

Table 4:

Hazard ratio of non-atheromatous cardiovascular events associated with a double increase in baseline serum-free kynurenine level (mg/L).

Free kynurenine (mg/L)
Non-atheromatous cardiovascular events
Unadjusted HR [95% CI]—P-value 1.97 [1.7, 2.27]–<0.001
Adjusted HR a [95% CI]—P-value 1.36 [1.14, 1.61]–0.0007
Adjusted HR b [95% CI]—P-value 1.26 [1.03, 1.5]–0.02
Adjusted HR c [95% CI]—P-value 1.31 [1.09, 1.6]–0.003
a

Model adjusted for age at baseline, sex, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum albumin, urea, diabetes, body mass index, smoking status, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin- or protein-to-creatinine ratio, systolic blood pressure, prescriptions of diuretics, antihypertensive drugs, and antidiabetic drugs.

b

1 + serum-free tryptophan.

c

1 + serum-free indoxyl sulfate, indole-3-acetic acid and p-cresyl sulfate.