Table 2.
Results from Structural Equation Model of the Association between Race/ethnicity and Short Sleep Duration as Mediated by Neighborhood and Household Environmental Factors
| Pathways (n=13,019) | β | SE | p- value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Effects: | |||
| Race/ethnicity → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | .055 | .014 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .021 | .013 | .095 |
| Asian | .026 | .013 | .047 |
| Latinx | <.001 | .015 | .994 |
| Direct Effects: | |||
| Race/ethnicity → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | .057 | .016 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .024 | .013 | .058 |
| Asian | .024 | .013 | .074 |
| Latinx | .007 | .015 | .648 |
| Race/ethnicity →Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage | |||
| African American | .455 | .028 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .066 | .021 | .002 |
| Asian | .014 | .026 | .583 |
| Latinx | .193 | .035 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity → Neighborhood Safety | |||
| African American | −.186 | .023 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.039 | .020 | .049 |
| Asian | −.050 | .026 | .051 |
| Latinx | −.167 | .021 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity →Neighborhood Social Cohesion | |||
| African American | .031 | .015 | .042 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.019 | .010 | .062 |
| Asian | −.084 | .012 | <.001 |
| Latinx | −.067 | .012 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity → Household Socioeconomic Status | |||
| African American | −.180 | .028 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.054 | .014 | <.001 |
| Asian | −.014 | .016 | .397 |
| Latinx | −.222 | .021 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity → Single Parent Household | |||
| African American | .287 | .020 | <.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .005 | .020 | .819 |
| Asian | −.021 | .016 | .195 |
| Latinx | .071 | .021 | .001 |
| Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage → Short Sleep Duration | −.018 | .020 | .373 |
| Neighborhood Safety → Short Sleep Duration | −.027 | .029 | .359 |
| Neighborhood Social Cohesion → Short Sleep Duration | −.035 | .018 | .058 |
| Household Socioeconomic Status→ Short Sleep Duration | .061 | .021 | .004 |
| Single Parent Household→ Short Sleep Duration | .046 | .026 | .078 |
| Indirect Effects: | |||
| Total: | |||
| Race/ethnicity → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | −.002 | .011 | .863 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.003 | .002 | .181 |
| Asian | .002 | .002 | .337 |
| Latinx | −.007 | .006 | .227 |
| Specific: | |||
| Race/ethnicity → Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | −.008 | .009 | .375 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.001 | .001 | .397 |
| Asian | <.001 | <.001 | .610 |
| Latinx | −.003 | .004 | .378 |
| Race/ethnicity → Neighborhood Safety → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | .005 | .006 | .371 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .001 | .001 | .405 |
| Asian | .001 | .002 | .423 |
| Latinx | .004 | .005 | .366 |
| Race/ethnicity → Neighborhood Social Cohesion → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | −.001 | .001 | .163 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | .001 | .001 | .236 |
| Asian | .003 | .002 | .085 |
| Latinx | .002 | .001 | .084 |
| Race/ethnicity → Household Socioeconomic Status → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | −.011 | .004 | .007 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | −.003 | .001 | .017 |
| Asian | −.001 | .001 | .427 |
| Latinx | −.014 | .005 | .007 |
| Race/ethnicity → Single Parent Household → Short Sleep Duration | |||
| African American | .013 | .007 | .071 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | <.001 | .001 | .818 |
| Asian | −.001 | .001 | .327 |
| Latinx | .003 | .002 | .081 |