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. 2024 Jan 5;19(1):e0296224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296224

Table 2. Predictors of SCAD psychosocial impacts domain scores.

Emotional impacts Concerns about the future Difficulties managing SCAD
Beta 95%CI β p Beta 95%CI β p Beta 95%CI β p
Age group
30–50 4.07 [2.21,5.93] 0.29 <0.001 2.36 [1.11,3.61] 0.26 <0.001 3.02 [1.44,4.60] 0.26 <0.001
51–60 1.96 [0.23,3.68] 0.15 0.027 1.02 [-0.18,2.21] 0.13 0.097 1.40 [-0.15,2.95] 0.13 0.076
61+ Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Financial strain
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 2.45 [0.89,4.01] 0.18 0.002 1.50 [0.44,2.56] 0.17 0.006 2.09 [0.78,3.40] 0.18 0.002
Education
Secondary 1.57 [-0.56,3.70] 0.08 0.148 0.42 [-0.89,1.74] 0.04 0.527 1.02 [-0.76,2.80] 0.07 0.260
Trade or TAFE 2.39 [0.73,4.05] 0.16 0.005 1.35 [0.26,2.44] 0.14 0.015 1.67 [0.26,3.08] 0.13 0.020
University Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Health insurance
Uninsured Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Insured 0.85 [-0.85,2.55] 0.06 0.325 1.18 [0.13,2.23] 0.12 0.027 0.62 [-0.67,1.92] 0.05 0.344
Smoking status
Never smoked Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Current or former 1.06 [-1.04,3.17] 0.06 0.320 0.76 [-0.49,2.01] 0.07 0.231 0.74 [-0.85,2.33] 0.05 0.359
Recent bereavement
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 1.62 [0.06,3.19] 0.11 0.042 0.71 [-0.34,1.76] 0.07 0.184 1.20 [-0.16,2.56] 0.10 0.083
Have confidante
No 1.28 [-0.97,3.53] 0.07 0.265 0.28 [-1.28,1.83] 0.02 0.727 0.74 [-1.27,2.74] 0.05 0.469
Yes Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Mental health history
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes -1.15 [-2.66,0.37] -0.09 0.136 -0.43 [-1.45,0.60] -0.05 0.415 -0.51 [-1.77,0.74] -0.05 0.420
Number of SCADs
One Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Two or more 1.11 [-0.60,2.81] 0.07 0.201 0.56 [-0.51,1.63] 0.06 0.302 0.96 [-0.41,2.33] 0.08 0.170
Time since SCAD
In previous year Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
13–36 months ago 1.26 [-1.17,3.68] 0.09 0.309 0.05 [-1.42,1.52] 0.01 0.949 0.05 [-1.84,1.94] 0.01 0.962
37–60 months ago 0.94 [-1.59,3.46] 0.06 0.466 0.07 [-1.56,1.70] 0.01 0.932 -0.15 [-2.18,1.87] -0.01 0.881
Over 5 years ago 2.03 [-0.44,4.50] 0.16 0.107 0.81 [-0.70,2.32] 0.10 0.293 0.45 [-1.47,2.37] 0.04 0.647
Attend CR
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 1.05 [-0.31,2.42] 0.08 0.130 -0.14 [-1.07,0.79] -0.02 0.765 0.67 [-0.52,1.86] 0.06 0.267
Observations 293 293 293
R2 0.160 0.124 0.132
Uncertainty and confusion Impacts on relationships Impacts on self-perception
Beta 95%CI β p Beta 95%CI β p Beta 95%CI β p
Age group
30–50 1.85 [0.68,3.02] 0.23 0.002 3.39 [2.07,4.71] 0.36 <0.001 1.78 [0.76,2.81] 0.25 0.001
51–60 1.01 [-0.10,2.11] 0.14 0.075 1.24 [0.14,2.34] 0.14 0.028 1.01 [0.14,1.88] 0.16 0.023
61+ Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Financial strain
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 0.98 [0.05,1.91] 0.12 0.039 1.89 [0.81,2.97] 0.20 0.001 1.09 [0.30,1.87] 0.16 0.007
Education
Secondary 0.43 [-0.78,1.64] 0.04 0.488 1.44 [0.02,2.85] 0.11 0.046 0.48 [-0.56,1.52] 0.05 0.362
Trade or TAFE 1.10 [0.08,2.12] 0.13 0.035 1.82 [0.67,2.97] 0.18 0.002 1.14 [0.24,2.03] 0.15 0.013
University Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Health insurance
Uninsured Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Insured 0.45 [-0.51,1.41] 0.05 0.359 0.05 [-1.05,1.15] 0.01 0.925 0.28 [-0.56,1.11] 0.04 0.517
Smoking status
Never smoked Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Current or former 0.69 [-0.52,1.89] 0.07 0.261 1.33 [-0.12,2.78] 0.11 0.072 0.61 [-0.44,1.66] 0.07 0.255
Recent bereavement
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 0.82 [-0.14,1.78] 0.09 0.094 0.47 [-0.57,1.51] 0.05 0.376 0.83 [0.05,1.61] 0.11 0.037
Have confidante
No 0.47 [-0.95,1.90] 0.04 0.514 1.17 [-0.26,2.60] 0.09 0.108 0.31 [-0.78,1.39] 0.03 0.579
Yes Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Mental health history
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes -0.84 [-1.73,0.06] -0.11 0.068 -0.14 [-1.12,0.85] -0.02 0.785 0.08 [-0.69,0.85] 0.01 0.837
Number of SCADs
One Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Two or more -0.14 [-1.13,0.85] -0.02 0.778 1.16 [0.12,2.20] 0.11 0.029 0.68 [-0.19,1.54] 0.09 0.126
Time since SCAD
In previous year Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
13–36 months ago 0.70 [-0.66,2.06] 0.09 0.313 0.50 [-0.97,1.97] 0.05 0.506 0.40 [-0.74,1.55] 0.06 0.488
37–60 months ago 0.37 [-1.08,1.82] 0.04 0.613 0.12 [-1.35,1.60] 0.01 0.868 -0.09 [-1.29,1.10] -0.01 0.881
Over 5 years ago 0.66 [-0.71,2.03] 0.09 0.343 0.47 [-0.93,1.88] 0.05 0.509 0.30 [-0.85,1.45] 0.05 0.608
Attend CR
No Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 . Ref 0.00 .
Yes 0.37 [-0.50,1.24] 0.05 0.406 0.93 [0.01,1.84] 0.11 0.046 0.41 [-0.28,1.10] 0.06 0.243
Observations 293 293 293
R2 0.098 0.232 0.138

Note. Full multivariable linear regression models for each rating included: age (under 50 vs. 51–60 vs. 61+), financial stress (yes vs. no; Yes = moderate, considerable or extreme, No = none or mild); education (trade vs. secondary vs. tertiary); health insurance (uninsured vs. insured); smoking status (current or former smoker vs. never smoked); have close confidante (no vs. yes); mental health history (yes vs. no), number of SCADs (one vs. two or more), time since most recent SCAD (previous year vs. 13–36 months vs. 37–60 months vs. over 5 years ago); attend CR = attend cardiac rehabilitation (no vs. yes). CI = confidence intervals; p = significance level. Bold indicates statistically significant results using Benjamini-Hochberg Adjusted p values.