Figure 1: Persistent strains CR3 and CR6 rely on host glycolysis and nucleotide biosynthesis, but not OXPHOS, for optimal replication.

RAW 264.7 cells were infected for 1 hour at an MOI of 5 with either MNV-1, CR3, or CR6. Virus inoculum was removed and replaced with medium containing (A) 10 mM 2-deoxuglucose (2DG), (B) 500 μM 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN), (C) 1 μM oligomycin-A (Oligo), or vehicle control (DMSO). Infected cells were incubated for 8 hours and infectious MNV titers were measured via plaque assay. Experiments represent combined data from at least three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using Two-tailed Students-t tests. ***, P<0.001; **, P <0.01; *, P<0.05; ns, not significant.