Table. Reported Xylazine-Related Overdose Deaths, 2019-2022.
| State | No. (rate per 100 000 residents)a | Additional information | Source | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |||
| AK | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| AL | NR | NR | 14 (0.3) | 55 (1.1) | NA | Gulf Coast HIDTA,30 2023 |
| AR | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| AZ | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 10-99 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| CA | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2021: 0.5% of Sampled deaths xylazine-positive, 0.3% xylazine-involved | CA Department of Public Health,23 2023 |
| CO | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| CT | 71 (2.0) | 141 (4.0) | 298 (8.3) | 354 (9.8) | Xylazine-involved deaths | CT Department of Public Health,24,25 2023 |
| DC | NR | 3 (0.4) | 6 (0.9) | 11 (1.6) | Xylazine-involved deaths | DC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner,26 2023 |
| DE | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| FL | NR | NR | NR | (1.1)b,c | Xylazine-involved; based on first half of year | FL Department of Law Enforcement,28 2023 |
| GA | NR | 15 (0.1) | 116 (1.1) | 222 (2.1) | Xylazine-involved | GA Department of Public Health,29 2023 |
| HI | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| IA | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| ID | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| IL | 53 (0.4) | 64 (0.5) | 188 (1.5) | NA (2.3)b,c | Xylazine-involved; 2022 rate based on first half of year | Feinberg School of Medicine,27 2023 |
| IN | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: 82 IMF deaths xylazine-involved | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| KS | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| KY | NR | NR | NR | NR | In 2022: 1-5 xylazine-positive deaths | KY Office of Drug Control Policy,31 2023 |
| LA | 3 (0.1) | 21 (0.5) | 39 (0.8) | 25 (0.5)d | Xylazine-involved | LA State Board of Medical Examiners,32 2023 |
| MA | NR | NR | NR | NR | In 2022: of opioid deaths with toxicology, 5% xylazine-positive | MA Department of Public Health,33 2023 |
| MD | 103 (1.7) | 344 (5.7) | 495 (8.0) | NR | Xylazine-positive | Friedman et al,8 2022 |
| ME | NR | NR | 53 (3.9) | 46 (3.4) | Xylazine-involved | Sorg et al,45 2022; Sorg et al,46 2023 |
| MI | NR | NR | 60 (0.6) | 92 (0.9) | Xylazine-positive | MI Department of Health and Human Services,34 2023 |
| MN | 4 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) | 24 (0.4) | 34 (0.6)d | Xylazine-involved | MN Department of Health,35 2023 |
| MO | 4 (0.1) | 2 (0.0) | 39 (0.6) | 109 (1.8)d | Xylazine-involved | Nickelson,40 2023 |
| MS | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2020-Jun 2022: 19 Xylazine-involved deaths | MS State Department of Health,36 2023 |
| MT | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| NC | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| ND | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2019-July 2023: 9 Xylazine-positive deaths | ND Department of Health and Human Services,41 2023 |
| NE | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2021-2022: 4 Xylazine-involved deaths | NE Department of Health and Human Services,37 2023 |
| NH | NR | NR | NR | 3 (0.2)d | Xylazine-involved | NH Office of Chief Medical Examiner,38 2023 |
| NJ | 13 (0.1) | 34 (0.4) | 226 (2.4)d | 210 (2.3)d | NA | Bureau of Justice Assistance,22 2023 |
| NM | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| NV | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| NY | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2021: 429 xylazine-involved opioid deaths in NYC; 135 in New York State outside NYC | NY State Department of Health,39 2023 |
| OH | 15 (0.1) | 45 (0.4) | 75 (0.6) | 119 (1.0)d | Xylazine-involved | OH Department of Health,42 2023 |
| OK | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| OR | NR | 2 (0.0) | 9 (0.2) | 9 (0.2)d | Xylazine-positive | OR Health Authority,43 2023 |
| PA | 259 (2.0) | 377 (2.9) | 576 (4.4) | 760 (5.9) | Xylazine-involved | PA Department of Health,44 2023 |
| RI | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 10-99 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| SC | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: 178 IMF deaths involving xylazine | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| SD | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| TN | NR | 56 (0.8) | 94 (1.3) | NR | Xylazine-involved | TN Department of Health,47 2022 |
| TX | NR | NR | 11 (0.0) | 19 (0.1) | Xylazine-involved | TX Department of State Health Services,48 2023 |
| UT | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| VA | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 10-99 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| VT | 6 (1.0) | 5 (0.8) | 29 (4.5) | 68 (10.5) | Xylazine-involved | VT Department of Health,49 2023 |
| WA | NR | NR | NR | NR | Jan 2021-June 2022: between 1-9 IMF deaths xylazine-positive | Kariisa et al,7 2023 |
| WI | NR | NR | NR | NR | 2019-2020: 6 xylazine-positive deaths reported in Milwaukee | Friedman et al,8 2022 |
| WV | 10 (0.6) | 67 (3.8) | (4.5)b,c | NR | Xylazine-positive | Sibbesen et al,5 2023 |
| WY | NR | NR | NR | NR | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: IMF, illicitly manufactured fentanyl; NA, not available; NR, not reported.
a
Death counts were most recently accessed from each source October 27 to 30, 2023. Rates are per 100 000 population and calculated using population estimates from the National Center for Health Statistics.
b
Totals provided for a half-year period, and not included.
c
Data provided for half of year only.
d
Data source indicates this figure is based on provisional data.