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. 2023 Dec 22;14:1298524. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298524

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Copyright © 2023 Ding, Mou, Wang, Liu, Liu, Lu and Yu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Tumor microenvironment in CRC. DC, dendritic cell; IFN-DC, Inflammatory DC; Treg, regulatory T cell; NK cell, Natural killer cell; Th17, T helper cell 17; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta; CTLA-4, Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts; HLA-G, human leucocyte antigen-G; FadA, Fusobacterium adhesin A; BFT, Bacteroides fragilis toxin; TIGIT, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain.