Table 5.
Increase in the risk of critical COVID-19 in adult patients with auto-Abs against IFN-α (neutralizing 10 ng/ml) versus IFN-ω (neutralizing at 10 ng/ml) (from Bastard et al., 2021a)
| Type I IFN auto-Abs in adults (and amount of type I IFN neutralized in plasma diluted 1/10) | OR [95% CI] | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Anti-IFN-α2 and anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs (10 ng/ml) | 67.6 [4.1–1,108.6] | 7.8 × 10−13 |
| Anti- IFN-α2 and anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs (100 pg/ml) | 54.0 [10.6–275.4] | <10−13 |
| anti-IFN-α2 auto-Abs (10 ng/ml) | 44.5 [8.82–225.0] | <10−13 |
| anti-IFN-α2 auto-Abs (100 pg/ml) | 23.3 [9.8–55.5] | <10−13 |
| anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs (10 ng/ml) | 12.9 [4.4–38.1] | 1.4 × 10−12 |
| anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs (100 pg/ml) | 12.7 [7.1–22.9] | <10−13 |
| anti-IFN-α2 auto-Abs only (10 ng/ml) | 20.5 [3.9–107.0] | 1.8 × 10−09 |
| anti-IFN-α2 auto-Abs only (100 pg/ml) | 9.5 [3.5–25.9] | 2.8 × 10−09 |
| anti-IFN-β auto-Abs only (10 ng/ml) | 4.66 [0.88–24.6] | 0.04 |
| anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs only (10 ng/ml) | 2.9 [0.9–9.8] | 0.06 |
| anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs only (100 pg/ml) | 6 [3.1–11.7] | 3.9 × 10−10 |
In comparisons of adult patients with critical COVID-19 and asymptomatic infected adult controls, ORs are higher in individuals with auto-Abs against IFN-α than in those with auto-Abs against IFN-ω only, particularly for Abs neutralizing IFN-α at a concentration of 10 ng/ml. This increase in risk for patients with auto-Abs against IFN-α is highly significant.