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. 2024 Jan 6;7:51. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-05745-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — a Dissemination patterns of ST131-CREC. b Dissemination patterns of ST167-CREC. c Dissemination patterns of ST410-CREC. The geographic spread of CREC has been inferred through ancestral state reconstruction of the timed phylogenetic tree. The thickness of the arrow lines is adjusted proportionally based on the number of transfers exchanged between countries. Time shows the transmission period of the geographical transfer of CRECs between each pair of countries. Intercontinental STs were classified as those with more than 10 CREC strains spreading across each continent. Countries indicated by red dots are those designated as having transmitted CRECs to five or more countries with a total of more than ten strains.