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. 2023 Dec 15;9(1):236–252. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.12.002

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

The schematic diagram illustrates the multifaceted mechanisms of microbiota modulation in response to therapy aimed at suppressing tumor growth. These complex mechanisms entail the gut microbiota's dynamic interaction with the host's immune system, therapeutic drugs, and the tumor environment.