Fig. 5.

Adjusted ORs of community-acquired non-COVID-19 sepsis 30-day mortality stratified by COVID-19 period. Relative odds ratio of 30-day mortality after sepsis and 95% confidence intervals in OpenSAFELY-TPP in the three periods (Period 1: 2019-01-01 to 2020-03-25; Period 2: 2020-03-26 to 2021-03-08; Period 3: 2021-03-09 to 2022-06-30). Models were adjusted for age using a 4-knot restricted cubic spline, except for estimation of age group relative odds of 30-day mortality; and adjusted for sex, except for estimation of sex group relative odds of 30-day mortality; and stratified by region, except for IMD group relative odds of 30-day mortality. The two columns on the right present the ratio of the relative odds of 30-day mortality (fold-change: Δ OR) of period 2 vs 1 and period 3 vs 1. Abbreviations: IMD, index of multiple deprivation; BMI, body mass index; Tx, transplant; CKD, chronic kidney disease; RRT, renal replacement therapy. The relative odds of 30-day mortality presented in this figure can be found in eTable 8 of the Supplementary Material. The number of prior antibiotic prescriptions (one year plus six weeks to six weeks before the index date). Reference sub-group: age: 50–59 years, sex: female, region: East of England, IMD: the least deprived quintile, ethnicity: white, BMI: healthy range (18.5–24.9 kg/m²), smoking: never, prior antibiotic count: 0. Patients without the disease were used as the reference for other clinical conditions. The ORs and relative ORs can be found in eTable 8 in the supplement.