Fig. 5.

Mucosal vaccination enhances memory T cell responses in brachial LNs. (a) Identification of donor Thy1.2⁺ T_MEM cells and (b) UMAP presentation (concatenated representation of all groups) with the locations of CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets outlined on the plot. Full gating strategy is provided in Supplementary Figure S4C. (c) Donor T_MEM cells (Thy1.2⁺CD44⁺) expressing the cytokines TNF and/or IFN-γ are shown by overlaying the cytokine-positive subpopulations over the total UMAP plots for each group I.N. (left) versus S.C. (right). All samples from each experimental or control group (n = 4 mice) are concatenated to generate the respective plots. (d and e) Plots indicating the percentage of donor-derived CD8 T cells with the (d) T_CM or (e) T_EM phenotypes. Percentage of (f) CD8 and (g) CD4 T cells that are donor T_MEM cells, staining double-positive for cytokines (TNF⁺IFN-γ⁺). N = 4–5 mice per group derived from two independent experiments ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 by Student’s unpaired t-test.