Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the variables (N = 186).
| Variables | Items | Mean ± SD | Range | Scale standardized score |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Range | ||||
| Intention to lung cancer screening | 4 | 14.65 ± 2.58 | 8-20 | 3.66 ± 0.64 | 2.00–5.00 |
| I am willing to search for information about lung cancer screening in the future. | |||||
| I am willing to consult health care providers regarding lung cancer screening. | |||||
| I am willing to undergo regular lung cancer screening to prevent lung cancer. | |||||
| I am willing to recommend lung cancer screening to people around me. | |||||
| Lung cancer screening health belief scale. | |||||
| Perceived risk | 3 | 6.44 ± 1.50 | 3-11 | 2.15 ± 0.50 | 1.00–3.67 |
| It is likely that I will get lung cancer sometime in my lifetime. | |||||
| It is likely that I will get lung cancer in the next ten years. | |||||
| It is likely that I will get lung cancer in the next five years. | |||||
| Perceived benefit | 6 | 19.01 ± 2.96 | 10-24 | 3.17 ± 0.49 | 1.67–4.00 |
| Having a lung scan will help find lung cancer early. | |||||
| Having a lung scan will lower my chances of dying from lung cancer. | |||||
| Having a lung scan will help me not to worry as much about lung cancer. | |||||
| Having a lung scan will help me plan for the future. | |||||
| Having a lung scan will help my family not worry as much. | |||||
| Having a lung scan will give me peace of mind. | |||||
| Perceived barrier | 17 | 35.16 ± 8.57 | 17-58 | 2.07 ± 0.50 | 1.00–3.41 |
| I might put off having a lung scan because I worry about finding something wrong. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I do not have the time. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I do not have a regular health care provider. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because no one in my family had lung cancer. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because the cost would be a problem. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I do not have any lung problems or symptoms. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because transportation would be a problem. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I am afraid the lung scan will damage my lungs. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I have had a bad experience with a hospital or health care provider. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I do not know enough about the test. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I think I am too old to benefit from screening for lung cancer. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I am a smoker. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I would rather not know if I have any lung problems. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I worry about feeling like a social outcast for smoking. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I worry about being blamed for having smoked. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because it is not worth the effort. | |||||
| I might put off having a lung scan because I do not trust the health care system. | |||||
| Self-efficacy | 9 | 26.68 ± 3.29 | 19-36 | 2.96 ± 0.37 | 2.11–4.00 |
| How confident are you that you can make an appointment to have a lung scan? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can find the time to have a lung scan? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can find transportation to get to and from the clinic/hospital to have a lung scan? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can get enough information about having a lung scan? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can cover the cost of a lung scan, if needed? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can get a lung scan even if you are worried about the results? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can have a lung scan even if you do not know what to expect about the procedure? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can even if you are anxious about the process? | |||||
| How confident are you that you can even if you are anxious about the results? | |||||
| Knowledge of lung cancer | 5 | 2.97 ± 0.80 | 0-5 | ||
| Smokers do not care how much they smoke, but the longer they smoke, the more likely they are to develop lung cancer. | |||||
| More than 80 % of all lung cancers are caused by smoking. | |||||
| Coughing with blood is the most common symptom in the early stages of lung cancer. | |||||
| Low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) should be done to detect lung cancer | |||||
| For early detection of lung cancer, screening should be done every 6 months. | |||||
| Cancer prevention behavior | 20 | 67.06 ± 8.13 | 44-96 | 3.35 ± 0.41 | 2.20–4.80 |
| I try to maintain a normal weight. | |||||
| I am not a picky eater and consume balanced nutrition. I avoid overeating. | |||||
| I mainly eat green vegetables, fruits, grains, and other high-fiber foods. | |||||
| I don't eat anything moldy. | |||||
| I don't eat heavily burnt food. | |||||
| I take adequate amounts of vitamins A, C, and E. | |||||
| I don't eat instant food. | |||||
| I don't eat fatty foods. | |||||
| I don't eat spicy and salty foods. | |||||
| I don't drink too much. | |||||
| I don't smoke. | |||||
| I avoid overwork. | |||||
| I keep my body clean. | |||||
| I exercise regularly. | |||||
| I try to avoid stress and have fun. | |||||
| I use mass media and the Internet for cancer prevention and early detection. | |||||
| I check to see if antibodies have formed after being vaccinated against hepatitis B. | |||||
| I do not share personal items that may be infected, such as razors, toothbrushes, or syringes, with others. | |||||
| I clean my genital area. | |||||
SD, standard deviation.