Table 3.
Demographic characteristics at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months of age, by groups.
| Survey at 6 months | Survey at 12 months | Survey at 18 months | Survey at 24 months | Survey at 30 months | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative API n=262 | Negative API n=244 | Negative API n=239 | Negative API n=217 | Negative API n=169 | ||||||
| Age start day-care (mo) | 0.40 ± 1.5 | 0.33 ± 1.3 | 2.29 ± 3.8* | 0.97 ± 2.8 | 3.73± 5.2 | 2.53 ± 5.7 | 3.73± 5.2 | 2.53 ± 5.7 | 4.62 ± 7.0 | 6.04 ± 10.05 |
| GERD | 21.6 | 10.2 | 15.0 * | 4.9 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.5 |
| AOM | 5.4 | 1.6 | 12.5 | 6.6 | 20.9 * | 7.6 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 10.8 | 6.7 |
| Bronchiolitis | 86.5 *** | 24.7 | 87.2 *** | 38.6 | 81.4 *** | 34.3 | 95.2 *** | 48.4 | 97.3 *** | 42.6 |
| Croup | 16.2 ** | 2.9 | 20.0 | 10.0 | 27.9 ** | 10.5 | 27.9 ** | 10.5 | 16.2 * | 5.1 |
| Pneumonia | 13.9 ** | 2.9 | 25.0 * | 9.9 | 18.6 | 8.9 | 47.6 *** | 18.2 | 54.1 *** | 16.5 |
| Antibiotics use | 43.2 *** | 12.3 | 65.0 *** | 36.0 | 69.8 ** | 43.9 | 54.8 | 41.4 | 40.5 | 41.5 |
| AB respiratory illness | 8.3 | 4.1 | 15.0 | 17.4 | 67.4 ** | 43.6 | 54.8 | 40.2 | 37.8 | 41.0 |
| Acetaminophen use | 94.6 | 91.8 | 87.5 | 90.2 | 86.0 | 82.0 | 86.0 | 82.0 | 59.5 | 63.3 |
| Pets at home | 45.9 ** | 23.0 | 17.5 | 24.8 | 25.6 | 24.5 | 26.2 | 26.9 | 24.3 | 30.4 |
| Never smoking inside | 94.4 | 94.7 | 95.0 | 95.9 | 95.3 | 96.6 | 95.2 | 98.1 | 94.6 | 96.4 |
| Never smoking outside | 37.8 | 42.6 | 35.0 | 43.0 | 34.9 | 42.2 | 40.5 | 48.1 | 43.2 | 40.0 |
| Cough after crying, laughing, or agitation | 32.4 *** | 4.9 | 45.0 *** | 8.3 | 46.3 *** | 9.1 | 41.5 *** | 7.9 | 54.1 *** | 9.2 |
| MD asthma diagnosis | 2.7 | 0.8 | 20.0 *** | 3.3 | 40.5 *** | 7.5 | 36.6 *** | 6.5 | 43.2 *** | 7.2 |
| Ever OCS use | 83.8 *** | 21.4 | 82.5 *** | 34.9 | 70.7 *** | 30.9 | 70.7 *** | 29.8 | 86.5 *** | 28.2 |
| Ever ICS use | 10.8 ** | 1.2 | 43.6 *** | 7.1 | 45.2 *** | 8.7 | 39.0 *** | 9.3 | 37.8 *** | 9.2 |
| ED for WE | 56.8 *** | 16.5 | 70.0 *** | 25.3 | 64.3 *** | 23.4 | 43.9 *** | 13.9 | 43.2 *** | 9.2 |
| Hospitalization for WE | 21.6 ** | 7.0 | 17.5 * | 5.8 | 14.3 ** | 2.2 | 7.3 * | 0.9 | 10.8 * | 1.5 |
Number expressed as percent (%) for categorical variables or mean ± SD for continuous variables.
AB= antibiotics; AOM= acute otitis media; ED= emergency department; GERD= gastroesophageal reflex; ICS= inhaled corticosteroids; OCS= oral corticosteroids; WE= wheezing episodes.
p < 0.05*, p≤0.01**, p≤0.001***, for trend test ANOVA (continue variables) or exact Fisher (categorical variables) comparing with negative API.