Table 3.
Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression of factors associated with an initial interest in using buprenorphine-naloxone at first response among street-involved adolescents and young adults between December 2014 and June 2018 (n = 281).
| Characteristic | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95 % CI) | p value | Odds ratio (95 % CI) | p value | |
|
| ||||
| Age (per year older) | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 0.481 | 1.09 (1.03–1.15) | 0.005 |
| Study follow-up period (per later period) | 0.95 (0.82–1.09) | 0.442 | ||
| Years drug use (per year longer) | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 0.688 | ||
| Sex (female vs. male) | 1.37 (0.73–2.56) | 0.331 | 1.08 (0.49–2.33) | 0.865 |
| Indigenous identity (Indigenous vs. other)a | 0.53 (0.25–1.13) | 0.103 | 0.22 (0.07–0.68) | 0.008 |
| Highschool education | 0.73 (0.40–1.36) | 0.322 | ||
| Employmentb | 0.89 (0.48–1.66) | 0.712 | ||
| Injection drug useb | 0.82 (0.40–1.68) | 0.580 | ||
| Non-fatal overdoseb | 0.97 (0.51–1.82) | 0.918 | ||
| Daily illicit opioid useb | 1.82 (0.88–3.73) | 0.105 | ||
| Weekly heroin or fentanyl useb | 1.61 (0.19–13.4) | 0.660 | ||
| Weekly NMPO useb, c | 1.37 (0.63–2.98) | 0.434 | ||
| Weekly cocaine useb | 0.62 (0.21–1.87) | 0.398 | ||
| Weekly crack useb | 0.71 (0.26–1.92) | 0.494 | ||
| Weekly CM useb, d | 1.04 (0.55–1.98) | 0.898 | ||
| Incarcerationb | 0.41 (0.17–1.01) | 0.052 | 0.42 (0.15–1.22) | 0.111 |
| Homelessnessb | 0.54 (0.30–1.00) | 0.050 | ||
| Difficulty accessing servicesb | 0.79 (0.42–1.50) | 0.476 | ||
| Ever MMTe | 0.79 (0.43–1.44) | 0.436 | ||
| MMTb, e | 0.94 (0.50–1.78) | 0.851 | ||
| Detoxificationb | 1.40 (0.69–2.85) | 0.350 | ||
| Recovery houseb | 0.90 (0.29–2.82) | 0.858 | ||
| Treatment centreb | 3.03 (1.01–9.06) | 0.048 | 3.18 (0.98–10.4) | 0.055 |
| Counsellorb | 1.79 (0.78–4.11) | 0.172 | ||
| NA/CA/AA/SMARTb, f | 1.78 (0.80–3.96) | 0.156 | ||
a.
Other includes white, and other self-reported racialized or ethnic identities, such as Black, Latinx, Middle Eastern, South Asian, and ‘other’ Asian, which were combined due to small cell count.
b.
Refers to activities in the last six months.
c.
Denotes non-medical prescription opioids.
d.
Denotes crystal methamphetamine.
e.
Denotes methadone maintenance treatment or Methadose™.
f.
Denotes narcotics anonymous, cocaine anonymous, alcoholics anonymous, and self-management and recovery training.