Table 4.

Summary of the association between inflammatory diseases and gut microbiota concerning diet.

Common Inflammatory Diseases	Beneficial Diet	Harmful Diet	Changes in Gut Microbial flora due to harmful diet	References
PMR	Vitamin D, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins	Processed foods, refined sugars, fats	Increase in Prevotella, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus sp.	109 110
SMA	Calcium, dietary fibers, probiotics	Processed foods	Increase in harmful bacteria.	115 116
Vasculitis	Calcium, broccoli, yogurt, skimmed milk, fruits, vegetables, beta-glucan	Food additives, fried foods, non-digestible carbohydrates	Increase in bacteroides	118 120 121
Sarcopenia	Proteins, vit.D, omega 3 fatty acids, fruits, vegetables	Western style foods including fats and processed sugars and foods	Increase in harmful bacteria.	158 58 124
Cirrhosis	Polyunsaturated fats, dietary fibres, whole grains, omega-3 foods (fish, olive oil)	Saturated and monounsaturated fats, high intake of processed and red meat, sugars and refined carbohydrates	Increase in harmful gut bacteria	159 56 23
Cancer	Plant-based diet; fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, vitamin D, omega 3 fatty acids	High intake of processed and red meat	Increase in inflammation causing bacteria	129 130 29,131
Fibromyalgia	Low FODMAP diet, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains	Processed foods and carbohydrates	Increase in Inflammation causing flora	160 14; 132
Alzheimer’s	Mediterranean diet	Western diet	Inflammation and oxidative stress	135
Parkinson Disease	High fiber diet	Saturated fats and processed foods	Inflammation and oxidative stress	139
Lupus	Mediterranean diet	Western diet	Change in gut microbiota and inflammation	143
Arthritis	Mediterranean diet	Processed foods, sugars, saturated fats	Inflammation and oxidative stress	147
Constipation	Fiber, prebiotics	Low fiber diet, fats, sugars	Change in microbial flora of gut	154