Table 3. Experience of students who participated in psychiatric nursing educational program aiming at competency evelopment.

Item	Categories (19)	Subcategories (39)
Development of the ability to perceive the participant holistically	Acquisition of patient’s viewpoints	Efforts to decipher patients’ thoughts and feelings Understanding what is said and done from the patient’s point of view
	Acquisition of images of interacting with people with mental disabilities	Getting a better picture of the actual patient Better imagine the situation
	Recognition of the importance of a holistic view of the subject	Awareness of the relationship among physical, mental and society Process-focused understanding
Self-understanding	Awareness of egocentrism	One-way communication Preoccupied with the duties
	Feeling of not being able to face the patients	Self-awareness of being confused and rushed Self-awareness of covering up
	Finding their own challenges	Desire for relationships based on trust Awareness of communication challenges
Development of supportive relationships	Difficulty in interaction	Feeling at a loss as to how to respond Things doesn’t turn out the way expected
	Concerns about negative emotional expression	Concerns about unconsciously expressed emotions Negative reactions to emotional expression
	Perceived lack of breadth or depth of understanding	Inability to get to the heart of the matte Awareness of the narrowness of vision
	Striving for acceptance of the situation as it is	Avoiding easy encouragement Utilization of an empathetic approach Listening to people as they are
	Relief at finding connections	Calmness regained from a slight connection Approaching through empathy
	Realization of the importance of verbal and non-verbal communication	The importance of language expression The taste of silence
	Repeating trial and error	Trial and error to calm them down Trial and error to dispel gloomy feelings
	Recovery-oriented dialogue	Prioritizing patient’s strength Prioritizing patient’s dream and desire
	Realization of the importance of building a trusting relationship	Collaborative relationship with patients to solve problems Importance of relationship-building communication
Establishment of a collaborative relationships	Acquisition of diversity and multi-phase viewpoint	Awareness of diversity Awareness of multi-phase viewpoint
	Awareness of being a member of a team	Awareness of your strengths Awareness of their own roles
	Realization of broadening and deepening of horizons through working with others	Accepting the opinions of others Respecting the opinions of others
	Realization of the potential to make use of different opinions and values	Making use of everyone’s opinion Embracing different values