Table 2.
Paired sample statistical analysis of heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) and non-recovered heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (non-recovered HFrEF) at initial and post–follow-up measurement
| Parameter | Non-recovered HFrEF (n = 80) |
P | HFimpEF (n = 96) |
P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline | Follow-up | |||
| LVEF | 32.88 ± 5.03 | 34.05 ± 9.5 | 0.310 | 33.57 ± 4.50 | 48.61 ± 4.93 | < 0.001∗ |
| Ao Diam | 2.01±0.18 | 1.98 ± 0.21 | 0.206 | 2.01 ± 0.35 | 1.99 ± 0.36 | 0.862 |
| LA Diam | 3.77 ± 0.55 | 3.74 ± 0.54 | 0.110 | 4.02 ± 0.91 | 3.99 ± 0.92 | 0.227 |
| La/Ao | 1.86 ± 0.38 | 1.90 ± 0.33 | 0.739 | 2.09 ± 0.72 | 2.10 ± 0.82 | 0.507 |
| FS | 23.01 ± 8.93 | 22.04 ± 7.98 | 0.064 | 25.02 ± 6.99 | 26.31 ± 6.46 | < 0.001∗ |
| IVSd | 1.80 ± 3.14 | 1.82 ± 3.12 | 0.214 | 1.04 ± 0.44 | 1.07 ± 0.55 | 0.186 |
| IVSs | 1.58 ± 0.58 | 1.56 ± 0.38 | 0.343 | 1.67 ± 0.46 | 1.94 ± 0.48 | < 0.001∗ |
| LVIDd | 6.04 ± 0.68 | 5.38 ± 0.75 | 0.293 | 5.32 ± 0.66 | 4.74 ± 0.62 | < 0.001∗ |
| LVIDs | 3.41 ± 0.87 | 3.49 ± 0.93 | 0.047∗ | 3.22 ± 0.69 | 2.81 ± 0.56 | < 0.001∗ |
| LVPWd | 1.22 ± 1.24 | 1.27 ± 1.26 | 0.225 | 1.02 ± 0.32 | 1.07 ± 0.36 | 0.080 |
| LVPWs | 1.56 ± 0.32 | 1.58 ± 0.34 | 0.465 | 1.68 ± 0.44 | 1.74 ± 0.48 | 0.001∗ |
| RWT | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.58 | 0.019∗ | 0.31 ± 0.33 | 0.38 ± 0.27 | < 0.001∗ |
| TAPSE | 13.5 ± 4.80 | 13.9 ± 5.00 | 0.056 | 19.2 ± 4.30 | 20.8 ± 4.20 | < 0.001∗ |
| RV S' | 10.20 ± 2.17 | 10.31 ± 2.36 | 0.423 | 10.72 ± 3.36 | 11.52 ± 3.21 | < 0.001∗ |
| LAVi | 49.54 ± 15.96 | 45.19 ± 15.88 | < 0.001∗ | 39.08 ± 18.32 | 29.45 ± 11.26 | < 0.001∗ |
| Mitral E/A | 1.59 ± 0.80 | 1.56 ± 0.72 | 0.639 | 1.62 ± 0.78 | 1.34 ± 0.68 | < 0.001∗ |
| E/e’ (septal) | 12.78 ± 6.71 | 13.51 ± 7.52 | 0.025∗ | 13.92 ± 7.38 | 12.22 ± 5.19 | 0.001∗ |
| IVC diam | 12.0 ± 2.90 | 12.6 ± 29.2 | < 0.001∗ | 18.7 ± 0.30 | 16.9 ± 0.28 | < 0.001∗ |
Ao, aortic root; d, end diastole; diam, diameter; FS, fractional shortening; IVC, inferior vena cava; IVS, interventricular septal; LA, left atrial; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; LVID, LV internal diameter; LVPW, LV posterior wall; RV S′, systolic excursion velocity; RWT, relative wall thickness; s, end systole; SD, standard deviation; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
∗
Significance.