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. 2024 Jan 8;14:806. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-48382-0

Table 3.

Kinetic study model fitting parameters.

Kinetic model Kinetic equation Model parameters Values
Pseudo first order

qt=qe(1-e-K1t)

qe is the adsorption capacity at equilibrium, k1 is the pseudo-first-order rate constant

K1 (min−1) 0.12
qe (mg/g) 43.48
R2 0.86
Pseudo second order

qt=qe2K2t1+qeK2t

k2 is the pseudo-second-order rate constant

K2 (g/(mg min)) 0.004
qe (mg/g) 46.6
R2 0.98
Mixed first and second order

qt=qe1-e-Kt1-f2e-Kt

f2 is the mixed 1 st, 2nd order coefficient, k is the adsorption rate constant

K (min−1) 0.0022
qe (mg/g) 46.33
f2 (g/(mg.min)) 0.99
R2 0.98
Avrami model

qt=qe1-e-Kavtnav

kav is the Avrami rate constant and nav is the model's component

Kav (min−1) 43.48
nav (−) 0.36
qe (mg/g) 0.34
R2 0.86
Intraparticle diffusion

qt=Kipt+Cip

Cip is intraparticle diffusion constant and kip is a measure of diffusion coefficient

kip 1.66
Cip 26.8
R2 0.76