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. 2024 Jan 8;15(1):17. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-06391-x

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The locus of the CTLA-4 gene on chromosome 2 and the constituent parts of the expressed protein of the CTLA-4 gene (A). The role of CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms in different cancers (B). CTLA-4 protein consists of a leader peptide and three domains: a ligand-binding region, a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic tail. As shown in the picture, these parts correspond to exon 1, exon 2, exon 3, and exon 4 in the CTLA-4 gene, respectively. CTLA-4 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4, AA Amino Acids, NSCLC Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer, 3′-UTR 3′-Untranslated Regions.