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. 2023 Sep 2;22(4):275–283. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2023.07.001

Table 4.

Baseline Characteristics

Measures DBE + CSE CSE Only P Value
Age (y)—mean (SD) 25.3 (3.4) 25.6 (4.2) .898
Weight (kg)—mean (SD) 63.6 (5.1) 61.6 (13.3) .17
Height (cm)—mean (SD) 162.6 (7.8) 161.6 (11.1) .221
BMI (kg/m²)—mean (SD) 24.1 (2.6) 23.3 (3.3) .249

BMI, body mass index; CSE, core stabilization exercises; DBE, diaphragmatic breathing exercises.