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. 2023 Nov 2;4(12):805–814. doi: 10.1016/j.hroo.2023.10.007

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Extracellular vesicle (EVs) concentrations measured by flow cytometry differ between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) secretomes. A–I: Fluorescence intensity vs diameter of extracellular vesicles labeled with anti-CD63 (A–C) and anti-CD9 (D–F) antibodies conjugated to phycoerythrin (PE), and lactadherin (G–I) antibody conjugated to FITC, in control culture medium, SATs and EATs from 1 patient. Note that in this example the EATs were diluted 2-fold in phosphate-buffered saline before antibody staining (cf. Methods). J–L: Concentrations of EVs labeled with anti-CD63-PE (J), anti-CD9-PE (K), and lactadherin-FITC (L) in control culture medium and SATs and EATs obtained from n = 7 patients. Concentrations of EVs show the number of particles per mL of secretome (1) exceeding the side scattering threshold, (2) having a diameter <1000 nm, and (3) exceeding the fluorescent gate corresponding to the used labels. Data are mean ± SEM. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test for lactadherin, nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post hoc test for CD63 and CD9. Method details are found in the Supplemental Material (MIFlowCyt-EV); Supplemental Tables 5, 6, and 7; and Supplemental Figures 6 and 7. ∗P < .05, ∗∗∗P < .001. Ctrl, control; MESF = molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome.