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. 2023 Sep 12;2(4):247–261. doi: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.08.005

Fig. 2.

Fig 2

A comparative view of the vaccine development process in 2 distinct platforms, traditional vaccines, and COVID-19 vaccines, highlights the similarities and differences between the 2 platforms and emphasizes the unique challenges and advancements associated with COVID-19 vaccine development [48].