Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of CCS & sibling participants and childhood cancer diagnostic and treatment characteristics of the CCS participants
| Characteristic | CCS (n = 1927) |
Siblings (n = 449) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 996 (51.7) | 165 (36.7) | <0.001e |
| Female | 931 (48.3) | 284 (63.3) | |
| Age at assessment (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 35.1 (9.3) | 36.8 (10.2) | 0.001f |
| 18-29 | 599 (31.1) | 118 (26.3) | 0.023e |
| 30-39 | 737 (38.2) | 165 (36.7) | |
| ≥40 | 591 (30.7) | 166 (37.0) | |
| CF | |||
| Yes | 454 (23.6) | 70 (15.6) | <0.001g |
| No | 1473 (76.4) | 379 (84.4) | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 6.7 (4.7) | ||
| 0-5 | 886 (46.0) | ||
| >5-10 | 519 (26.9) | ||
| >10-15 | 414 (21.5) | ||
| >15-18 | 108 (5.6) | ||
| Primary childhood cancer diagnosisa | |||
| Leukemia | 678 (35.3) | ||
| Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomab | 234 (12.1) | ||
| Hodgkin’s lymphoma | 135 (7.0) | ||
| CNS | 177 (9.2) | ||
| Neuroblastoma | 111 (5.8) | ||
| Retinoblastoma | 10 (0.5) | ||
| Renal tumors | 220 (11.4) | ||
| Hepatic tumors | 17 (0.9) | ||
| Bone tumors | 109 (5.7) | ||
| Soft tissue tumors | 141 (7.3) | ||
| Germ cell tumors | 65 (3.4) | ||
| Other and unspecifiedc | 30 (1.6) | ||
| Period of childhood cancer diagnosis | |||
| 1963-1969 | 29 (1.5) | ||
| 1970-1979 | 255 (13.2) | ||
| 1980-1989 | 607 (31.5) | ||
| >1990 | 1036 (53.6) | ||
| Childhood cancer treatmentd | |||
| Surgery only | 131 (6.8) | ||
| Chemotherapy, no radiotherapy | 1047 (54.3) | ||
| Radiotherapy, no chemotherapy | 100 (5.2) | ||
| Radiotherapy and chemotherapy | 640 (33.2) | ||
| No treatment/treatment unknown | 9 (0.5) | ||
| Stem cell transplantation | |||
| Yes | 131 (6.8) | ||
| No | 1783 (92.5) | ||
| Unknown | 13 (0.7) | ||
| Cancer recurrence | |||
| No | 1675 (86.9) | ||
| Yes | 252 (13.1) |
CCS, childhood cancer survivors; CF, chronic fatigue; CNS, central nervous system; SD, standard deviation.
Diagnostic groups included all malignancies covered by the third edition of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3) as well as multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Includes all morphology codes specified in the ICCC-3 under lymphomas and reticuloendothelial neoplasms, except for Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Also includes multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Includes all morphology codes specified in the ICC-3 under other malignant epithelial neoplasms and malignant melanomas and other and unspecified malignant neoplasms.
Treatment data included primary treatment and all recurrences.
Chi-square test.
Independent t-test.
Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to correct for age and sex.