Table 4.

Mean difference comparison between dietary intake, glycaemic index, and glycaemic load

	Variable	Cases		Controls		p-value
		Mean	Standard Deviation	Mean	Standard Deviation
Macronutrients	Carbohydrates (g)	371.95	88.52	348.81	125.49	0.27
	Protein (g)	99.81	32.43	89.65	32.70	0.10
	Total Fat (g)	113.20	35.04	104.68	47.17	0.29
	Saturated fat (g)	39.49	13.88	34.66	15.38	0.09
	Monosaturated fat (g)	33.52	10.60	34.15	16.32	0.82
	Polyunsaturated fat (g)	37.19	11.06	31.94	15.96	0.05*
	Cholesterol (g)	246.60	98.66	207.94	88.74	0.03*
	Dietary Fiber (g)	20.92	4.43	19.30	7.62	0.18
Vitamins	Vitamin A (RE)	1804.90	725.16	1495.79	871.69	0.05*
	Vitamin B6 (mg)	1.79	0.47	1.50	0.56	< 0.01*
	Vitamin B12 (mcg)	5.29	2.24	4.08	2.11	< 0.01*
	Vitamin C (mg)	85.38	63.52	68.73	46.59	0.11
	Vitamin D (mcg)	161.11	91.50	121.10	99.35	0.03*
	Vitamin E (mg)	5.73	4.21	9.13	7.64	0.01*
	Vitamin K (mcg)	3.10	0.00	3.10	0.00	0.01*
	Niacin (mcg)	21.91	6.56	19.41	6.36	0.04*
	Riboflavin (mcg)	2.41	0.66	2.33	0.89	0.58
	Thiamin (mcg)	7.54	0.16	7.43	0.21	< 0.01*
	Folate	473.06	149.09	449.29	151.85	0.40
Minerals	Calcium (mg)	1242.63	462.45	1164.89	508.06	0.40
	Iron (mg)	35.47	8.20	32.24	10.50	0.08
	Magnesium (mg)	369.95	91.19	349.11	139.95	0.37
	Phosphate (mg)	1492.56	31.36	1478.13	42.57	0.05*
	Potassium (mg)	3274.26	809.42	2916.10	1034.80	0.05*
	Sodium (mg)	3791.74	1420.00	3535.89	1629.35	0.38
	Zinc (mg)	13.46	4.74	12.18	4.55	0.14
	Copper (mg)	1.58	0.45	1.57	0.60	0.97
	Magnese (mg)	43.91	22.36	33.96	24.63	0.03*
	Glycaemic index	41.06	4.00	40.58	5.47	0.60
	Glycaemic load	15.23	6.52	17.27	14.39	0.36

^*Significance level: p-value ≤ 0.05