Extended Data Fig. 6. Dependence of performance on the imaging depth and refractive index of the sample medium as well as the compensation using the correction collar.

The root-mean-squared (RMS) wavefront error (top) and the Strehl ratio (bottom) as a function of the scan angle at the back aperture at different imaging depths inside seawater (n = 1.33) are shown with the correction collar fixed at an air gap of 5.622 mm in (a), and with the correction collar optimized for different imaging depths in (b). Different imaging depths ranging from 150-550 µm are color coded. The same plots inside an index-matching medium (n = 1.46) are shown as (a) with the correction collar fixed at an air gap of 5.622 mm in (c), and with the correction collar optimized for different imaging depths in (d).