Table 2.

Mean levels of 25(OH)D based on different conditions

	Overall	T1	T2	T3	P for trend
25(OH)D, serum (nmol/L)
Gender
Male	69.49 ± 31.27	71.56 ± 31.56	68.65 ± 30.26	67.58 ± 31.86	0.043
Female	72.94 ± 35.21	78.54 ± 34.41	74.17 ± 37.26	67.76 ± 33.14	< 0.001
Low eGFR
No	62.17 ± 27.82	66.24 ± 28.89	61.85 ± 28.16	57.76 ± 26.69	< 0.001
Yes	79.33 ± 35.77	83.14 ± 35.56	79.96 ± 36.73	75.41 ± 34.65	< 0.001
CKD
Stage 1	57.17 ± 24.49	60.99 ± 24.68	55.46 ± 23.26	54.69 ± 25.05	0.001
Stage 2	67.80 ± 30.18	71.87 ± 30.0	68.94 ± 31.29	61.48 ± 28.14	< 0.001
Stage 3	79.83 ± 35.46	83.31 ± 35.45	80.94 ± 36.62	75.44 ± 33.87	< 0.001
Stage 4	78.59 ± 38.56	86.94 ± 40.74	71.5 ± 33.88	80.94 ± 40.76	0.469
Stage 5	68.57 ± 36.38	67.98 ± 26.05	73.92 ± 43.82	65.46 ± 34.88	0.82
Age
< 60 years	59.69 ± 28.01	63.88 ± 28.55	58.69 ± 27.46	55.76 ± 28.42	< 0.001
> 60 years	78.07 ± 34.07	81.1 ± 33.81	78.93 ± 35.55	74.09 ± 32.92	< 0.001
Diabetes
No	72.66 ± 33.05	77.2 ± 32.76	72.47 ± 32.81	67.93 ± 32.98	< 0.001
Yes	69.13 ± 33.79	70.27 ± 32.89	69.87 ± 36.17	67.43 ± 32.15	0.159

T1 the first tertile, T2 the second tertile, T3 the top tertile, CKD chronic kidney disease, Low eGFR: eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m². CKD stage 1: eGFR ≥ 90 ml/min/1.73 m² and ACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol; stage 2: 60 ml/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73 m² and ACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol; stage 3: 30 ml/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²; stage 4: 15 ml/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m²; stage 5: eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m²